Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
6. Into this condition, then, we are to suppose that all this bodily
substance of ours will be brought, when all things shall be
re-established in a state of unity, and when God shall be all in all.
And this result must be understood as being brought about, not suddenly,
but slowly and gradually, seeing that the process of amendment and
correction will take place imperceptibly in the individual instances
during the lapse of countless and unmeasured ages, some outstripping
others, and tending by a swifter course towards perfection,[762] while
others again follow close at hand, and some again a long way behind; and
thus, through the numerous and uncounted orders of progressive beings
who are being reconciled to God from a state of enmity, the last enemy
is finally reached, who is called death, so that he also may be
destroyed, and no longer be an enemy. When, therefore, all rational
souls shall have been restored to a condition of this kind, then the
nature of this body of ours will undergo a change into the glory of a
spiritual body. For as we see it not to be the case with rational
natures, that some of them have lived in a condition of degradation
owing to their sins, while others have been called to a state of
happiness on account of their merits; but as we see those same souls who
had formerly been sinful, assisted, after their conversion and
reconciliation to God, to a state of happiness; so also are we to
consider, with respect to the nature of the body, that the one which we
now make use of in a state of meanness, and corruption, and weakness, is
not a different body from that which we shall possess in incorruption,
and in power, and in glory; but that the same body, when it has cast
away the infirmities in which it is now entangled, shall be transmuted
into a condition of glory, being rendered spiritual, so that what was a
vessel of dishonour may, when cleansed, become a vessel unto honour, and
an abode of blessedness. And in this condition, also, we are to believe,
that by the will of the Creator it will abide for ever without any
change, as is confirmed by the declaration of the apostle, when he says,
“We have a house, not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.” For the
faith of the church does not admit the view of certain Grecian
philosophers, that there is besides the body, composed of four elements,
another fifth body, which is different in all its parts, and diverse
from this our present body; since neither out of sacred Scripture can
any produce the slightest suspicion of evidence for such an opinion, nor
can any rational inference from things allow the reception of it,
especially when the holy apostle manifestly declares, that it is not new
bodies which are given to those who rise from the dead, but that they
receive those identical ones which they had possessed when living,
transformed from an inferior into a better condition. For his words are:
“It is sown an animal body, it will rise a spiritual body: it is sown in
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