Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
Kings, saying, “I have left me seven thousand men who have not bowed the
knee to Baal;”[914] which expression Paul understood as figuratively
spoken of those who are called Israelites according to the election, in
order to show that the advent of Christ had not only now been of
advantage to the Gentiles, but that very many even of the race of Israel
had been called to salvation.
FROM THE GREEK.
13. But the interpretation is “spiritual,” when one is able to show of
what heavenly things the Jews “according to the flesh” served as an
example and a shadow, and of what future blessings the law contains a
shadow. And, generally, we must investigate, according to the apostolic
promise, “the wisdom in a mystery, the hidden wisdom which God ordained
before the world for the glory” of the just, which “none of the princes
of this world knew.”[915] And the same apostle says somewhere, after
referring to certain events mentioned as occurring in Exodus and
Numbers, “that these things happened to them figuratively, but that they
were written on our account, on whom the ends of the world are
come.”[916] And he gives an opportunity for ascertaining of what things
these were patterns, when he says: “For they drank of the spiritual rock
that followed them, and that rock was Christ.”[917] And in another
epistle, when sketching the various matters relating to the tabernacle,
he used the words: “Thou shalt make everything according to the pattern
showed thee in the mount.”[918] Moreover, in the Epistle to the
Galatians, as if upbraiding those who think that they read the law, and
yet do not understand it, judging that those do not understand it who do
not reflect that allegories are contained under what is written, he
says: “Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the
law? For it is written, Abraham had two sons; the one by the bond maid,
the other by the free woman. But he who was by the bond maid was born
according to the flesh; but he of the free woman was by promise. Which
things are an allegory:[919] for these are the two covenants,” and so
on. Now we must carefully observe each word employed by him. He says:
“Ye who desire to be under the law,” not “Ye that are under the law;”
and, “Do ye not _hear_ the law?”—“hearing” being understood to mean
“_comprehending_” and “_knowing_.” And in the Epistle to the Colossians,
briefly abridging the meaning of the whole legislation, he says: “Let no
man therefore judge you in meat, and in drink, or in respect of a
festival, or of a new moon, or of Sabbaths, which are a shadow of things
to come.”[920] Moreover, in the Epistle to the Hebrews, discoursing of
those who belong to the circumcision, he writes: “who serve for an
ensample and shadow of heavenly things.”[921] Now it is probable that,
from these illustrations, those will entertain no doubt with respect to
the five books of Moses, who have once given in their adhesion to the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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