Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
1. The next subject of inquiry is, whether there was any other world
before the one which now exists; and if so, whether it was such as the
present, or somewhat different, or inferior; or whether there was no
world at all, but something like that which we understand will be after
the end of all things, when the kingdom shall be delivered up to God,
even the Father; which nevertheless may have been the end of another
world,—of that, namely, after which this world took its beginning; and
whether the various lapses of intellectual natures provoked God to
produce this diverse and varying condition of the world. This point
also, I think, must be investigated in a similar way, viz. whether after
this world there will be any [system of] preservation and amendment,
severe indeed, and attended with much pain to those who were unwilling
to obey the word of God, but a process through which, by means of
instruction and rational training, those may arrive at a fuller
understanding of the truth who have devoted themselves in the present
life to these pursuits, and who, after having had their minds purified,
have advanced onwards so as to become capable of attaining divine
wisdom; and after this the end of all things will immediately follow,
and there will be again, for the correction and improvement of those who
stand in need of it, another world, either resembling that which now
exists, or better than it, or greatly inferior; and how long that world,
whatever it be that is to come after this, shall continue; and if there
will be a time when no world shall anywhere exist, or if there has been
a time when there was no world at all; or if there have been, or will be
several; or if it shall ever come to pass that there will be one
resembling another, like it in every respect, and indistinguishable from
it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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