Apologetics -- History -- Early church, ca. 30-600; Celsus (Platonic philosopher), active 180; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
But as Celsus makes a jest also of the serpent, as counteracting the
injunctions given by God to the man, taking the narrative to be an old
wife’s fable,[637] and has purposely neither mentioned the paradise[638]
of God, nor stated that God is said to have planted it in Eden towards
the east, and that there afterwards sprang up from the earth every tree
that was beautiful to the sight, and good for food, and the tree of life
in the midst of the paradise, and the tree of the knowledge of good and
evil, and the other statements which follow, which might of themselves
lead a candid reader to see that all these things had not
inappropriately an allegorical meaning, let us contrast with this the
words of Socrates regarding Eros in the Symposium of Plato, and which
are put in the mouth of Socrates as being more appropriate than what was
said regarding him by all the others at the Symposium. The words of
Plato are as follow: “When Aphrodite was born, the gods held a banquet,
and there was present, along with the others, Porus the son of Metis.
And after they had dined, Penia[639] came to beg for something (seeing
there was an entertainment), and she stood at the gate. Porus meantime,
having become intoxicated with the nectar (for there was then no wine),
went into the garden of Zeus, and being heavy with liquor, lay down to
sleep. Penia accordingly formed a secret plot, with a view of freeing
herself from her condition of poverty,[640] to get a child by Porus, and
accordingly lay down beside him, and became pregnant with Eros. And on
this account Eros has become the follower and attendant of Aphrodite,
having been begotten on her birth-day feast,[641] and being at the same
time by nature a lover of the beautiful, because Aphrodite too is
beautiful. Seeing, then, that Eros is the son of Porus and Penia, the
following is his condition.[642] In the first place, he is always poor,
and far from being delicate and beautiful, as most persons imagine; but
is withered, and sunburnt,[643] and unshod, and without a home, sleeping
always upon the ground, and without a covering; lying in the open air
beside gates, and on public roads; possessing the nature of his mother,
and dwelling continually with indigence.[644] But, on the other hand, in
conformity with the character of his father, he is given to plotting
against the beautiful and the good, being courageous, and hasty, and
vehement;[645] a keen[646] hunter, perpetually devising contrivances;
both much given to forethought, and also fertile in resources;[647]
acting like a philosopher throughout the whole of his life; a
terrible[648] sorcerer, and dealer in drugs, and a sophist as well;
neither immortal by nature nor yet mortal, but on the same day, at one
time he flourishes and lives when he has plenty, and again at another
time dies, and once more is recalled to life through possessing the
nature of his father. But the supplies furnished to him are always
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