Produced by Richard Hulse, Les Galloway and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) Transcriber’s Notes Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. Italics are represented thus _italic_. Footnotes have been placed at the end of each Lecture. THEISM AND HUMANISM BEING THE GIFFORD LECTURES DELIVERED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW, 1914 BY THE RT. HON. ARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR M.A., F.R.S., LL.D., D.C.L. (HON. FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE) HODDER AND STOUGHTON LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO MCMXV _Printed in Great Britain by Hazell, Watson & Viney, Ld. London and Aylesbury._ TO THE PROFESSORS AND STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW, WHO GAVE SO KIND A RECEPTION TO THESE LECTURES ON THEIR DELIVERY IN THE BUTE HALL, I DEDICATE THIS VOLUME. PREFACE This volume contains the substance of the Gifford Lectures delivered at the University of Glasgow in January and February 1914. I say the _substance_ of the lectures, lest any of those who formed part of my most kindly audience should expect a verbal reproduction of what they then heard. No such reproduction would have been either expedient or possible. The lectures were not read: they were spoken (with the aid of brief notes) in such terms as suggested themselves at the moment; and their duration was rigidly fixed, to suit my academic audience, so as just to occupy the customary hour. Although, therefore, they were largely (though not wholly) based upon written drafts, none of the language, and not all the ideas and illustrations contained in the original could be reproduced in the spoken lectures, nor did everything in the spoken lectures represent passages in the written originals. It is not, in these circumstances, surprising that the work has had, in large measure, to be rewritten, though the argument itself, and the order in which its various parts are presented for consideration, remains substantially unchanged.