Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And WorkMitchell, P. Chalmers (Peter Chalmers), Sir
Science
Thomas Henry Huxley; A Sketch Of His Life And Work
Mitchell, P. Chalmers (Peter Chalmers), Sir
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 1825-1895
impossible. Some of the most recent progress in chemistry has opened
up the suggestion that the elements themselves are different
combinations of a common substance. Huxley applied this particular
argument to the miracle at the marriage of Cana.
"You are quite mistaken in supposing that anybody who is
acquainted with the possibilities of physical science will
undertake categorically to deny that water may be turned into
wine. Many very competent judges are inclined to think that the
bodies which we have hitherto regarded as elementary are really
composite arrangements of the particles of a uniform primitive
matter. Supposing that view to be correct, there would be no more
theoretical difficulty about turning water into alcohol, ethereal
and colouring matters, than there is, at this present moment, any
practical difficulty in working other such miracles; as when we
turn sugar into alcohol, carbonic acid, glycerine, and succinic
acid; or transmute gas-refuse into perfumes rarer than musk and
dyes richer than Tyrian purple."
Unless we make the unscientific and preposterous assumption that our
present knowledge of nature and of natural forces is absolute and
complete, it is unscientific and illogical to declare at once that any
supposed events could not have happened merely because they seem to
have contradicted so-called natural laws.
"Strictly speaking," Huxley wrote, "I am unaware of anything that
has a right to the title of an 'impossibility' except a
contradiction in terms. There are impossibilities logical, but
none natural. A 'round square,' a 'present past,' 'two parallel
lines that intersect,' are impossibilities, because the ideas
denoted by the predicates, round, present, intersect, are
contradictory of the ideas denoted by the subjects, square, past,
parallel. But walking on water, or turning water into wine, or
procreation without male intervention, or raising the dead, are
plainly not impossibilities in this sense."
The whole matter turns on the question of sufficient evidence.
"Hume's arguments resolve themselves into a simple statement of
the dictates of common sense which may be expressed in this
canon: the more a statement of fact conflicts with previous
experience, the more complete must be the evidence which is to
justify us in believing it."
Again, expressing the same idea in different words, he wrote:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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