In the Illustrations, which form so large a part of the present volume, fidelity rather than artistic effect has been aimed at. Many of the engravings are from drawings made on the spot, but a greater number are from photographs. Those of Messrs. Bergheim and Nicodemus of Jerusalem, and Madame Bonfils of Beyrout, have been largely used for this purpose; and the writer desires to express his gratitude for the liberality with which the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund have placed their admirable series at his disposal. The Maps are enlarged by permission of Messrs. W. and A. Keith Johnston, from their Royal Atlas Map of Syria, which for correctness and fulness of detail is worthy of the high reputation they have long enjoyed as chartographers. [Illustration: (Drawing of people outside the walls of a village)] List of Illustrations. Range of Hermon, near Banias _Frontispiece._ Village of Siloam, and Valley of the Kedron _Preface._ SOUTHERN PALESTINE, OR JUDÆA. JAFFA TO HEBRON. Map of the District _page_ 10 Head-Piece—Our Camp 11 Initial—Eastern Water-Seller 11 Jaffa, from the North 12 Jaffa, from the Sea 15 Ploughing in Palestine 17 Ramleh 18 German Colony near Jaffa 19 Lydda 21 Amwâs, or Nicopolis 22 Women of the Hill Country of Judæa 24 Wady es-Sumt and Kulônia 25 Southern Wall of the Temple Area Showing the opening of “Robinson’s Arch” 27 Tomb of Rachel 29 Solomon’s Pools 31 Ruins of Tekoa, on the way down to Hebron 32 Distant View of Hebron 33 Hebron, and Mosque over the Cave of Machpelah 35 Pool of Hebron 36 Entrance to the Mosque over Machpelah 37 Roof of the Mosque 38 Arrangement of Tombs in the Cave 39 Abraham’s Oak, near Hebron 40 BETHLEHEM TO THE DEAD SEA.