Thoughts of Marcus AureliusMarcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome
PhilosophyPhilosophy
Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome
Ethics; Life; Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome, 121-180; Stoics
39. What is evil to thee does not subsist in the ruling principle of
another; nor yet in any turning and mutation of thy corporeal covering.
Where is it then? It is in that part of thee in which subsists the
power of forming opinions about evils. Let this power then not form
[such] opinions, and all is well. And if that which is nearest to it,
the poor body, is cut, burnt, filled with matter and rottenness,
nevertheless let the part which forms opinions about these things be
quiet; that is, let it judge that nothing is either bad or good which
can happen equally to the bad man and the good. For that which happens
equally to him who lives contrary to nature and to him who lives
according to nature, is neither according to nature nor contrary to
nature.
40. Constantly regard the universe as one living being, having one
substance and one soul; and observe how all things have reference to
one perception, the perception of this one living being; and how all
things act with one movement; and how all things are the co-operating
causes of all things which exist; observe too the continuous spinning
of the thread and the contexture of the web.
41. Thou art a little soul bearing about a corpse, as Epictetus used to
say (I. C. 19).
42. It is no evil for things to undergo change, and no good for things
to subsist in consequence of change.
43. Time is like a river made up of the events which happen, and a
violent stream; for as soon as a thing has been seen, it is carried
away, and another comes in its place, and this will be carried away
too.
44. Everything which happens is as familiar and well known as the rose
in spring and the fruit in summer; for such is disease, and death, and
calumny, and treachery, and whatever else delights fools or vexes them.
45. In the series of things, those which follow are always aptly fitted
to those which have gone before: for this series is not like a mere
enumeration of disjointed things, which has only a necessary sequence,
but it is a rational connection: and as all existing things are
arranged together harmoniously, so the things which come into existence
exhibit no mere succession, but a certain wonderful relationship (VI.
38; VII. 9; VII. 75, note).
46. Always remember the saying of Heraclitus, that the death of earth
is to become water, and the death of water is to become air, and the
death of air is to become fire, and reversely. And think too of him who
forgets whither the way leads, and that men quarrel with that with
which they are most constantly in communion, the reason which governs
the universe; and the things which they daily meet with seem to them
strange: and consider that we ought not to act and speak as if we were
asleep, for even in sleep we seem to act and speak; and that we ought
not, like children who learn from their parents, simply to act and
speak as we have been taught.
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