Slave trade -- Africa, West -- Early works to 1800; Slavery -- Early works to 1800
I confine my remarks on the first head to the Windward Coast, and can
speak most confidently of the trade in Sherbro, where I lived. I own,
however, that I question, if any part of the Windward Coast is equal to
Sherbro, in point of regularity and government. They have no men of
great power or property among them; as I am told there are upon the Gold
Coast, at Whidah and Benin. The Sherbro people live much in the
patriarchal way. An old man usually presides in each town, whose
authority depends more on his years, than on his possessions: and He,
who is called the King, is not easily distinguished, either by state or
wealth, from the rest. But the different districts, which seem to be, in
many respects, independent of each other, are incorporated, and united,
by means of an institution which pervades them all, and is called The
_Purrow_. The persons of this order, who are very numerous, seem, very
much, to resemble the Druids, who once presided in our island.
The _Purrow_ has both the legislative and executive authority, and,
under their sanction, there is a police exercised, which is by no means
contemptible. Every thing belonging to the _Purrow_ is mysterious and
severe, but, upon the whole, it has very good effects; and as any man,
whether bond or free, who will submit to be initiated into their
mysteries, may be admitted of the Order, it is a kind of Common-wealth.
And, perhaps, few people enjoy more, simple, political freedom, than the
inhabitants of Sherbro, belonging to the _Purrow_, (who are not slaves,)
further than they are bound by their own institutions. Private property
is tolerably well secured, and violence is much suppressed.
The state of Slavery, among these wild barbarous people, as we esteem
them, is much milder than in our colonies. For as, on the one hand, they
have no land in high cultivation, like our West-India plantations, and
therefore no call for that excessive, unintermitted labour, which
exhausts our Slaves; so, on the other hand, no man is permitted to draw
blood, even from a Slave. If he does, he is liable to a strict
inquisition; for the _Purrow_ laws will not allow a private individual
to shed blood. A man may sell his slave, if he pleases; but he may not
wantonly abuse him. The laws likewise punish some species of theft, with
slavery; and in cases of adultery, which are very common, as polygamy is
the custom of the country, both the woman, and the man who offends with
her, are liable to be sold for Slaves, unless they can satisfy the
husband, or unless they are redeemed by their friends.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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