Three Accounts of Peterloo by Eyewitnesses: Bishop Stanley, Lord Hylton, John Benjamin Smith; with Bishop Stanley's Evidence at the TrialStanley, Edward
History
Three Accounts of Peterloo by Eyewitnesses: Bishop Stanley, Lord Hylton, John Benjamin Smith; with Bishop Stanley's Evidence at the Trial
Stanley, Edward
Manchester (England) -- History; Peterloo Massacre, Manchester, England, 1819
In January, 1818, however, it was announced that the Act for the
suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act would be repealed. No sooner were the
people relieved from the danger of being sent to prison for being present
at a meeting to petition Parliament for reform, as great numbers had been
in Lancashire imprisoned from March, 1817 until January, 1818, and then
discharged without being informed what charges were made against
them--than the Reform Associations were revived. A fresh campaign was
rigorously commenced early in 1819.
Henry Hunt (commonly called Orator Hunt) had come forward as the champion
of the people's rights. On the 25th of January, he made a public entry
into Manchester from Stockport, accompanied by large crowds with flags and
banners. The meeting was enthusiastic but very peaceable. Meetings were
held in all the surrounding towns and villages to appoint district
delegates to make arrangements for a great meeting to be held in
Manchester. This memorable meeting was held on the 16th of August, 1819,
on a large vacant plot of land called St. Peter's field, adjoining St.
Peter's Street, and in sight of St. Peter's Church. The actors in the
bloody tragedy of that day were called "The Heroes of Peterloo," in
contrast with the brave heroes of Waterloo.
This meeting was called to petition Parliament for a Reform of Parliament
and the Repeal of the Corn Laws, and it is a curious coincidence that on
the very spot where the largest public meeting was ever held to petition
Parliament for the Repeal of the Corn Laws, in the dispersion of which by
military force six hundred persons were killed and wounded there now
stands the Free Trade Hall, erected twenty years afterwards on Peterloo,
for the peaceful and noble object of obtaining bread for the people by the
repeal of the wicked laws by which it was prohibited.
I had no intention of going to this meeting, but my Aunt called at the
Counting House and asked me to accompany her to Mrs. Orton's, Mount
Street, St. Peter's field, to see the great meeting--a house overlooking
the whole space, and next but one to where the Magistrates were assembled.
We reached there about half-past eleven o'clock, and on our way saw large
bodies of men and women with bands playing and flags and banners bearing
devices: "No Corn Laws," "Reform," etc. There were crowds of people in all
directions, full of good humour, laughing and shouting and making fun. I
always wore a white hat in summer, and I found that Mr. Hunt also wore a
white hat, and it became the symbol of radicalism, and may have been the
cause of the politeness shown to us by the crowd.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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