THREE APOSTLES OF QUAKERISM, POPULAR SKETCHES OF FOX, PENN AND BARCLAY, By B. RHODES, Author of "JOHN BRIGHT, Statesman and Orator," &c. WITH INTRODUCTION BY J. STOUGHTON, D.D., AUTHOR OF "ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND," "LIFE OF WILLIAM PENN," &C., &C. * * * * * "They pleaded only for broad, unfettered, spiritual Christianity."--_J. J. Gurney. Memoirs, vol. ii, p. 27._ * * * * * PHILADELPHIA: HENRY LONGSTRETH, NO. 723 SANSOM STREET. 1886. INTRODUCTION. I have been requested by the Author of this Volume to write a few introductory lines; with that request I cheerfully comply. Having read the proof sheets, I can testify to the diligence, care, and ability, with which the work has been executed. The perusal has been to me very interesting and very pleasant; and I have felt much satisfaction at finding that the historical conclusions here presented are, in general, coincident with my own. It might be supposed that a book of this limited size, and intended for popular circulation, would be based chiefly, if not entirely, on the larger and best known biographies and histories relative to the men and the period described. But this is by no means the case. I find in these pages numerous signs of original research, and abundant evidence that the writer has formed an independent judgment of the questions coming before him in his enquiries. He has had access to some unpublished correspondence, of which he has made good use. Fourteen letters, not printed before, are laid under contribution, and they add much to the value of the volume. Mr. Rhodes has evidently much sympathy with the life and labours of the early Quakers; and not being a member of that Society, he is free to judge impartially of certain points in their singular history. That judgment he has wisely exercised. I am fully persuaded in my own mind that Quakerism was a salutary reaction against the formalities, and the hard theological systematising of the age; that it called attention to forgotten truths; and that its excitements, though clouded by some smoke, yet burnt with fire from heaven; also I quite concur with the writer in thinking that the Society of Friends have still a place for good amongst religious agencies at work in this nineteenth century. May they have grace successfully to accomplish their mission! I may add, that whilst all three of these biographical sketches are valuable contributions to our ecclesiastical literature, the last, which treats of Robert Barclay, is the fullest, most original, and best of all. JOHN STOUGHTON. PREFACE.