[Footnote 57: I cannot identify this name in the Capitulation Returns. Possibly he was killed.] [Footnote 58: Surgeon Ives says the booty taken was valued at £130,000.] [Footnote 59: Orme MSS. India X., p. 2390. Letter of 30th March, 1757.] [Footnote 60: _Firman_, or Imperial Charter.] [Footnote 61: The Mogul, Emperor, or King of Delhi, to whom the Bengal Nawabs were nominally tributary.] [Footnote 62: Orme MSS. India XI. pp. 2766-7, No. 111.] [Footnote 63: Ibid., p. 2768, No. 112.] [Footnote 64: Memoirs of Lally. London, 1766.] [Illustration: MUXADABAD, OR MURSHIDABAD. (_After Rennell_.)] CHAPTER III M. LAW, CHIEF OF COSSIMBAZAR A few miles out of Murshidabad, capital of the Nawabs of Bengal since 1704, when Murshid Kuli Khan transferred his residence from Dacca to the ancient town of Muxadabad and renamed it after himself, lay a group of European Factories in the village or suburb of Cossimbazar.[65] Of these, one only, the English, was fortified; the others, i.e. the French and Dutch, were merely large houses lying in enclosures, the walls of which might keep out cattle and wild animals and even thieves, but were useless as fortifications. In 1756 the Chief of the English Factory, as we have already seen, was the Worshipful Mr. William Watts; the Dutch factory was under M. Vernet,[66] and the French under M. Jean Law. The last mentioned was the elder son of William Law, brother of John Law the financier, who settled in France, and placed his sons in the French service. French writers[67] on genealogy have hopelessly mixed up the two brothers, Jean and Jacques François. Both came to India, both distinguished themselves, both rose to the rank of colonel, one by his services to the French East India Company, and one by the usual promotion of an officer in the King's army. The only proof that the elder was the Chief of Cossimbazar is to be found in a few letters, mostly copies, in which his name is given as Jean or John. As a usual rule he signed himself in the French manner by his surname only, or as Law of Lauriston. His experiences during the four years following the accession of Siraj-ud-daula were painful and exciting, and he has recorded them in a journal or memoir[68] which has never yet been published, but which is of great interest to the student of Indian history. For us it has the added charm of containing a picture of ourselves painted by one who, though a foreigner by education, was enabled by his birth to understand our national peculiarities. In the present chapter I shall limit myself almost entirely to quotations from this memoir. Law was by no means an admirer of Aliverdi Khan's successor,--