Harvard Observatory, Arequipa, 333-334. Hawthorne, Julian, quoted, 5, 13-14, 22, 27-28, 46-49, 68, 80-81, 89-90, 93, 104-105, 106-109, 110-111, 112. Helps, Sir Arthur, quoted, 81. Heredia, Pedro de, 90, 91, 392. Herndon, W. H., exploration of Amazon by, 139, 140, 141, 144-145. Herveo, Mesa de, 385, 391. Holmes, Burton, quoted, 161, 172-173, 283-284. Honda, Colombia, 390. Hope emerald, the, 379. Horse-raising, in Argentina, 191, 216; in Uruguay, 235. Hospitals, Buenos Aires, 213. Houses, in Santiago, 305-306; of Guayaquil, 361-362; of Quito, 373. Huallaga River, 322. Huarina, battle of, 89. Huascar, Inca sovereign, 59-61, 65. Huatanay River, 343. Huayna Capac, 45, 59. Humboldt, Baron von, exploration of Amazon by, 138; quoted, 364, 381; house occupied by, in Bogotá, 389. Iguazú Falls, 227. Illampú, Mt., 258. Illimani, Mt., 258. Immigration, to Argentina, 198. Imperial, Chile, 105. Inca’s Head, the, 368. Incas, extent of empire, 44; question of origin, 44-49; lack of written records among, 46; peoples who antedated, 46-47; history of, previous to conquest by Spanish, 47-49; highways of the, 49; worship of sun and moon by, 50, 57-58, 335; marriage of sovereigns, 50; trade carried on by water only, 51; irrigation of land practiced under the, 51; common ownership of land, 51-52; temple and palaces of, at Cuzco, 52-54; different type of people from Peruvian Indians of to-day, 55-56; dress, 56-57; birthplace and legend of birth, 335-336. Indians, of northern Argentina, 226; in El Chaco, 240; work of Jesuits among Paraguayan, 242-245; natives of Tierra del Fuego, 285-286. Iquima, Mt., 278. Iquique, city of, 294. Irala, Domingo, 113, 242. Irrigation, practiced by Incas, 51; possibilities of, in Peru, 321. Islands of southern Chile, 307-308. Italians, as laborers in State of São Paulo, 184; resident in Buenos Aires, 203; in Montevideo, 231; in Valparaiso, 297. Jamacchppeke plant, 263. Jamaica, discovery of, 16. Jaques, Christovão, 32. Jesuit missions in the Parana basin, 242-245. Jews, in Patagonia, 225. Jockey Club, Buenos Aires, 208-210. Juliaca, town of, 334. Junín, battle of, 132. Jurujuba Bay, 163. Karkaake, Mt., 258. Koati, Island of, 57, 336. Koebel, W. H., “Modern Argentina” by, 218. La Condamine, explorer of Amazon, 138. Ladrone Islands, discovery of, by Magellan, 28. Lage, Fort, 163. La Guayra, Venezuela, 407-408. Landed estates of Spanish conquerors, 77, 82. La Paz, naming of, 267-268; altitude and location, 268; description of, 268-270, 273-274. La Plata, city of, 195, 197. Lara, State of, 406. Largo da Polvora, Belém, 151-152. Las Cuevas, station of, 222. La Serena, Chile, 287. Lautero, Araucanian hero, 103, 107, 108; death of, 108-109. Lenglet, Dr., quoted, 255-256. Leon, Cieza de, quoted, 55.