Bouvard himself appears to have believed in the existence of a planet
exterior to Uranus whose attraction was producing these disturbances,
but he died in 1843 before any progress had been made with the
solution of the enigma. In 1834 Hussey approached Airy, the Astronomer
Royal, with the suggestion that he might sweep for the supposed
exterior planet if some mathematician would help him as to the most
likely region to investigate. Airy, however, returned a sufficiently
discouraging answer, and Hussey apparently was deterred by it from
carrying out a search which might very possibly have been rewarded
by success. Bessel, the great German mathematician, had marked the
problem for his own, and would doubtless have succeeded in solving
it, but shortly after he had begun the gathering of material for his
researches, he was seized with the illness which ultimately proved
fatal to him.
The question was thus practically untouched when in 1841, John Couch
Adams, then an undergraduate of St. John's College, Cambridge, jotted
down a memorandum in which he indicated his resolve to attack it and
attempt the discovery of the perturbing planet, 'as soon as possible
after taking my degree.' The half-sheet of notepaper on which the
memorandum was made is still extant, and forms part of the volume
of manuscripts on the subject preserved in the library of St. John's
College.
On October 21, 1845, Adams, who had taken his degree (Senior Wrangler)
in 1843, communicated to Airy the results of his sixth and final
attempt at the solution of the problem, and furnished him with the
elements and mass of the perturbing planet, and an indication of its
approximate place in the heavens. Airy, whose record in the matter
reads very strangely, was little more inclined to give encouragement
to Adams than to Hussey. He replied by propounding to the young
investigator a question which he considered 'a question of vast
importance, an _experimentum crucis_,' which Adams seemingly
considered of so little moment, that strangely enough he never
troubled to answer it. Then the matter dropped out of sight, though,
had the planet been sought for when Adams's results were first
communicated to the Astronomer Royal, it would have been found within
3-1/2 lunar diameters of the place assigned to it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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