champion knight of the English court, the deliverer of the Knights of Rhodes, the intrepid knight of the French king’s expedition against the infidels, the missionary-conqueror of Barbary, and the liberator of the Grecian Empire. Surely the spirit of the narration of these important activities of Tirant is not satire. [80] F.M. Warren, _A History of the Novel Previous to the Seventeenth Century_, New York, 1895; pp. 173 and 175. [81] ... and you may feel assured that on account of their excellent rule, and their good and upright lives, they were taken up to enjoy the glories of paradise. This Catalan romance of chivalry may have been conceived in accordance with the taste of Martorell’s times, but conditions have changed. The standards by which we measure the actions of men now are not the same as they were then. If an author wishes us to become enthusiastic in our admiration for his hero, the latter must conform to our standards. We insist that the protagonist be, above all, heroic from a moral standpoint. If he lacks that attribute we cannot give him a full measure of appreciation. An immoral hero is a paradox, an impossibility with us of the present day; consequently we shall never be able to regard Tirant lo Blanch as a great hero. But from the foregoing study it may perhaps appear that the “cura’s” estimate, composed both of enthusiasm and reprobation (as set forth in the passage quoted in the opening paragraph), is not unworthy of the good sense and critical acumen of the great Cervantes. FINIS. BIBLIOGRAPHY AMADOR DE LOS RÍOS, JOSÉ, _Historia critica de la literatura española_, Madrid, 1861-1865. ASHMOLE, ELIAS, _The Institution, Laws and Ceremonies of the most Noble Order of the Garter_, London, 1672. BONSOMS Y SICART, ISIDRO, and RUBIÓ Y LLUCH, ANTONIO, _Discursos leídos en la Real Academia de Buenas Letras de Barcelona en la recepción publica de D. Isidro Bonsoms y Sicart el día 9 de Mayo de 1907_, Barcelona, 1907. CALDERON, JUAN, _Cervantes vindicado en ciento y quince pasajes del texto del ingenioso hidalgo_, Madrid, 1854. CERVANTES, _El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha_, edited and annotated by Francisco Rodríguez Marín, Madrid, 1911. CERVANTES DE SAAVEDRA, MIGUEL DE, _El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha_, with commentaries by Diego Clemencín, annotated by Miguel de Toro Gómez, Paris, 1910. CLÈDE, M. DE LA, _Histoire générale de Portugal_, Paris, 1735. CUST, ELIZABETH, _The Stuarts of Aubigny_, London, 1891. DENK, OTTO, _Einführung in die Geschichte der altcatalanischen Litteratur_, Munich, 1893. _Documents inédits sur l’histoire de France, première série_, Paris, 1862. DUNLOP, JOHN COLIN, _History of Prose Fiction_, edited by Henry Wilson, London, 1896. GIVANEL MAS, JUAN, _Estudio crítico de Tirant lo Blanch_, Madrid, 1912.