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Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles

Science

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

Name: Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
Author: McIlvaine, Charles

McIlvaine, Charles

Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America

This genus differs from the preceding genera in the manifest trama, the
substance of which is similar to that of the pileus; from Lactarius and
Russula by the trama not being vesicular, but somewhat floccose with
granules intermixed; from Cantharellus, its nearest ally, by the sharp
edge of the gills. The Cortinarii, Paxilli and Gomphidii are at once
distinguished from it by their colored spores and the changing color of
their gills, as well as by other marks. From all the other genera of
Agaricini it is distinguished by a mark peculiar to itself, viz., by the
hymeneal stratum of the gills changing into a waxy mass, which is at
length removable from the trama. This altogether singular character is
specially remarkable in H. caprinus, coccineus, murinaceus, etc. Hence
the gills seem full of watery juice, but they do not become milky like
those of the Lactarii. _Fries._

From the description by Fries, the author of the genus, it is manifest
that one has to wait the ripening of the fungus before the peculiar
characteristic mark of the genus, _i. e._—gills turning into a waxy
mass, easily removable from the cap—can be observed. Many of the species
are difficult to determine when fresh. Nevertheless, there is an
indescribable, watery, waxy, translucent appearance about the gills
which catches the eye of the expert, and is soon learned by the novice.
The white spores readily separate the genus from kindred shapes in the
colored-spored genera.

So far as tested none of the species is poisonous. One English species
is fetid. It is probable that they are all edible, varying in quality
only. Fries well, and is superior in croquettes and patties.

                          ANALYSIS OF TRIBES.

                 LIMACIUM (_limax_, a slug). Page 148.

Universal veil viscid, with occasionally a floccose partial one, which
is annular or marginal.

* White or becoming yellowish.

** Reddish.

*** Tawny or yellow.

**** Olivaceous-umber.

***** Dingy cinereous or livid.

                        None known to be edible.


            CAMAROPHYLLUS (_Gr._—a vault; a leaf). Page 152.
                 (From the arched shape of the gills.)

Veil none. Stem even, smooth or fibrillose, not rough with points.
Pileus firm, opaque, moist after rain, not viscid. Gills distant,
arcuate.

* Gills deeply and at length obconically decurrent.

** Gills ventricose, sinuately arcuate or plano-adnate.


            HYGROCYBE (_Gr_—moist; _Gr_—the head). Page 155.

Veil none. Whole fungus thin, watery, succulent, fragile. Pileus when
moist viscid, shining when dry, rarely floccoso-scaly. Stem hollow,
soft, without dots. Gills soft. Most of the species are brightly colored
and shining. This tribe is the type of the genus.

* Gills decurrent.

** Gills adnexed, somewhat separating.


                               LIMA´CIUM.

                     * _White or yellowish-white._

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

Science

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

McIlvaine, Charles

Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America

This genus differs from the preceding genera in the manifest trama, the
substance of which is similar to that of the pileus; from Lactarius and
Russula by the trama not being vesicular, but somewhat floccose with
granules intermixed; from Cantharellus, its nearest ally, by the sharp
edge of the gills. The Cortinarii, Paxilli and Gomphidii are at once
distinguished from it by their colored spores and the changing color of
their gills, as well as by other marks. From all the other genera of
Agaricini it is distinguished by a mark peculiar to itself, viz., by the
hymeneal stratum of the gills changing into a waxy mass, which is at
length removable from the trama. This altogether singular character is
specially remarkable in H. caprinus, coccineus, murinaceus, etc. Hence
the gills seem full of watery juice, but they do not become milky like
those of the Lactarii. _Fries._

From the description by Fries, the author of the genus, it is manifest
that one has to wait the ripening of the fungus before the peculiar
characteristic mark of the genus, _i. e._—gills turning into a waxy
mass, easily removable from the cap—can be observed. Many of the species
are difficult to determine when fresh. Nevertheless, there is an
indescribable, watery, waxy, translucent appearance about the gills
which catches the eye of the expert, and is soon learned by the novice.
The white spores readily separate the genus from kindred shapes in the
colored-spored genera.

So far as tested none of the species is poisonous. One English species
is fetid. It is probable that they are all edible, varying in quality
only. Fries well, and is superior in croquettes and patties.

                          ANALYSIS OF TRIBES.

                 LIMACIUM (_limax_, a slug). Page 148.

Universal veil viscid, with occasionally a floccose partial one, which
is annular or marginal.

* White or becoming yellowish.

** Reddish.

*** Tawny or yellow.

**** Olivaceous-umber.

***** Dingy cinereous or livid.

                        None known to be edible.


            CAMAROPHYLLUS (_Gr._—a vault; a leaf). Page 152.
                 (From the arched shape of the gills.)

Veil none. Stem even, smooth or fibrillose, not rough with points.
Pileus firm, opaque, moist after rain, not viscid. Gills distant,
arcuate.

* Gills deeply and at length obconically decurrent.

** Gills ventricose, sinuately arcuate or plano-adnate.


            HYGROCYBE (_Gr_—moist; _Gr_—the head). Page 155.

Veil none. Whole fungus thin, watery, succulent, fragile. Pileus when
moist viscid, shining when dry, rarely floccoso-scaly. Stem hollow,
soft, without dots. Gills soft. Most of the species are brightly colored
and shining. This tribe is the type of the genus.

* Gills decurrent.

** Gills adnexed, somewhat separating.


                               LIMA´CIUM.

                     * _White or yellowish-white._

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

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