The specimens which I have referred to this species were found in the Catskill mountains several years ago, growing in hemlock woods, under spruce and balsam trees. I have not met with the species since. The pileus in the larger specimens had a minutely tomentose appearance, but in the dried specimens this has disappeared. They also varied in color from blackish-brown to pinkish-brown and grayish-brown, but they can scarcely be more than a mere form or variety of the species the description of which, as given by Fries, I have quoted. In the Handbook the pileus is described as dark fuliginous-gray or brown, and Gillet describes it as black-brown, dark fuliginous or lead color, and adds that the plant is poisonous and the milk very acrid and burning. Cordier says that the flesh is white and the taste bitter and disagreeable. _Peck_, 38th Rep. N.Y. State Bot. Poisonous. _Gillet._ =L. pergame´nus= Fr.—parchment. _White._ =Pileus= fleshy, pliant, convex then plano-depressed, spread, zoneless, slightly wrinkled, smooth. =Stem= stuffed, smooth, changing color. =Gills= _adnate_, very narrow, _horizontal_, very crowded, branched, white, then straw-color. =Milk= white, acrid. Very much allied to L. piperatus, but differing in the _stem_ being stuffed, at length softer internally, elongated, 3 in., unequal, attenuated downward and here and there ascending, _quite smooth_; in the _pileus_ being _thinner, pliant_, elastic, most frequently irregular and excentric, for the most part flexuous, at first convex (not umbilicate), then _rather plane, the surface very smooth_, but unpolished and _wrinkled_ in a peculiar manner; and in the _gills_ being adnate, not decurrent, _very crowded, very narrow_ (scarcely 1 line broad), always _straight and horizontal_, not arcuate or extended upward, _soon straw-color_. The flesh is very milky, but the gills are sparingly so. _Fries._ In woods. October. =Spores= subglobose, rather irregular, 6–8µ _C.B.P._; broadly elliptical, echinulate, 7×5–6µ _Massee_. Eaten on the continent and Nova Scotia. Edible. _Cooke._ North Carolina, _Curtis_; New England, _Frost_; Ohio, _Morgan._ =L. pipera´tus= Fr.—_piper_, pepper. (Plate XLI, fig. 1, p. 160.) =Pileus= 4–9 in. broad, _white_, fleshy, rigid, umbilicate when young, reflexed (margin at first involute) at the circumference, when full grown wholly _funnel-shaped_, for the most part regular, even, smooth, zoneless. =Flesh= white. =Stem= 1–2 in. long, 1–2 in. thick, solid, obese, equal or obconical, even, obsoletely pruinose, white. =Gills= _decurrent, crowded, narrow_, scarcely broader than 1 line, obtuse at the edge, _dividing by pairs_, arcuate then all _extended upward_ in a straight line, white, here and there with yellow spots. =Milk= white, unchangeable, plentiful and very acrid.