Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
The description of Fries as enlarged and modified by Professor Peck,
together with that of the varieties placed to the credit of the species
by Gillet, are given above in full. The species with its ascribed
varieties is common and well known. Var. _ba´dius_ occurs in West
Virginia and Pennsylvania. They are all edible and vary but little in
quality. L. subdulcis requires long cooking.
=L. muta´bilis= Pk.—changeable. =Pileus= 2–4 in. broad, thin, convex or
nearly plane, zonate when moist, reddish-brown, the disk and zones
darker, zoneless when dry, flesh colored like the pileus. =Milk= sparse,
white, taste mild. =Gills= narrow, close, adnate, whitish, with a
yellowish or cream-colored tint when old. =Stem= 1–2 in. long, 3–5 lines
thick, equal or tapering upward, stuffed or spongy within, glabrous,
colored like the pileus. =Spores= subglobose, rough, 7.6µ broad.
Low, damp places. Selkirk and Yaphank, N.Y. June and September.
The species is allied to L. subdulcis, from which the larger size and
zonate pileus separate it. The zones disappear in the dry plant, and
this change in the marking of the pileus suggests the specific name.
They appear to be formed by concentric series of more or less confluent
spots and are suggestive of such species as L. deliciosus and L.
subpurpureus. _Peck_, 43d Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
West Virginia, Pennsylvania. Solitary but frequent. In moist woods and
margins of woods. June to October. _McIlvaine._
I have been familiar with and eaten this plant since 1882, but thought
it might be a variety of L. deliciosus, with light-colored milk.
L. mutabilis is an excellent species, equal to any Lactarius.
=L. camphora´tus= Fr.—_camphor._ =Pileus= 1–2 in. across,
_brown_-brick-red, _somewhat zoned, sometimes zoneless_, fleshy, thin,
depressed, dry, smooth. =Stem= short, 1–2 in., stuffed, somewhat
undulated, of the same color as the pileus. =Gills= adnate, crowded,
_yellowish-brick-color_. =Milk= mild, white, odor agreeable, spicy.
_Fries._
_Strong smelling._ So like L. subdulcis that it can be distinguished
safely only by its odor of melilot when dried. _Stevenson._
=Pileus= .5–1.5 in. broad. =Stem= 1–2 in. long, 2–3 lines. _Peck_, 38th
Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
=Spores= spherical, echinulate, 6–7µ _Q._; subglobose, 8–9µ _Massee_;
7.6–9µ _Peck_.
Taste and smell not of camphor, but of melilot.
North Carolina, _Curtis_; South Carolina, _Ravenel_; Wisconsin, _Bundy_;
New York, _Peck_, Rep. 23, Mon. 38th Rep.
West Virginia, Pennsylvania, July to October, in moist places. Mixed
woods, etc. _McIlvaine._
Edible. _Gillet._
Its mild taste distinguishes it at once from L. rufus.
It has high but pleasant flavor. If the flavor is too evident to suit
some tastes, it is well to mix milder species with it.
[Illustration: Grouped by F.D. Briscoe—Studies by C. McIlvaine.
PLATE XLIV.]
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