Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
The species referred to this subgenus were taken from Naucoria and
Galera because they correspond with Omphalia and Eccilia. The pileus is,
however, distinctly umbilicate or depressed in only a few of them; the
others are placed here on account of their somewhat decurrent gills,
which are broadest behind and triangular. _Fries._
Small and unimportant.
[Illustration]
=NAUCO´RIA= Fr.
_Naucum_, a nut-shell.
(Plate LXXVIII.)
[Illustration:
NAUCORIA SEMI-ORBICULARIS.
Natural size.
]
=Pileus= more or less fleshy, conical or convex, then expanded, _margin
at first incurved_. =Gills= free or adnate, not decurrent. =Veil=
fugacious or absent, sometimes attached in minute flakes to the edge of
the young pileus. =Stem= cartilaginous, hollow or with a spongy
stuffing. Growing on wood or on the ground, sometimes rooted. =Spores=
various shades of brown, dull or bright.
Naucoria corresponds with Collybia, Leptonia and Psilocybe; from the
latter it is distinguished by the spore colors and from Galera in the
brown-spored series by the margin of the pileus being at first incurved.
“The spores are rust-color, or brownish rust-color. The color of the
pileus is some shade of yellow. The stem is not distinctly ringed, but
sometimes a slight spore-stained band marks the place of the obsolete
ring.” _Peck_, 23d Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
The members of this genus are with two or three exceptions very common,
and common over the land. The greater number grow on the ground among
grass; a few grow upon decaying wood. The stems are not of the same
texture as the cap and frequently will not cook tender. The caps,
however, are, of all species tested, tender and of good flavor. Species
of the genus are among the first to appear in spring, and well reward
the enterprising mycophagist for his early tramps.
ANALYSIS OF TRIBES.
GYMNOTI (_Gr_—naked). Page 295.
Pileus smooth. Veil absent. Spores rust-color, not becoming
dusky-rust-color.
PHÆOTI (_Gr_—dusky). Page 296.
Pileus smooth. Gills and spores dusky rust-color. Veil rarely manifest.
LEPIDOTI (_lepis_, a scale).
Pileus flocculose or squamulose. Veil manifest.
None known to be edible.
I.—GYMNO´TI.
=N. hama´dryas= Fr.—_Gr_, a nymph attached to her tree. =Pileus= 1½-2
in. broad, _bay-brown-ferruginous_ when young and moist, pale yellowish
when old and becoming pale, slightly fleshy, convex then expanded,
gibbous, even, smooth. =Stem= 2–3 in. long, 3 lines thick, _somewhat
fragile, hollow_, equal, naked, smooth, _pallid_. =Gills=
_attenuato-adnexed_, somewhat free, slightly ventricose, almost 2 lines
broad, crowded, rust-color, opaque. =Veil= none. Widely removed from
neighboring species. Pileus _somewhat separate_ as in Plutei. _Fries._
=Spores= elliptical, rust-color, 13–14×7µ _Massee_.
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