It proved to be an antidote and saved the lives of the remaining three. The action of atropine in arresting the deadly work of poisoning by amanitine had been foreshadowed by Schmidberg and Koppe, and dwelt upon in numerous published articles by Mr. Julius A. Palmer, to whom more than any other is due the branding of the murderous members of the Amanita family; but for the first time atropine was used upon the human system to ward their blows. All of the species herein described are found in the United States. Of the twenty-seven, nine are edible, nine are either known to be deadly or are so closely allied to deadly species that it is unsafe to class them as other than poisonous until absolute proof is obtained of their harmlessness. The remaining nine I have not seen, neither is there any record of their qualities. ANALYSIS OF SPECIES. * Volva opening at the top or splitting all around, leaving a manifest, free border at the base of the stem. Pileus naked or with broad membranaceous patches. ** Volva splitting regularly all round the lower portion, persistent, more or less closely embracing the base of the bulbous stem. The upper portion being adnate to the pileus appears on it by expansion as scattered, thick warts. *** Volva friable, entirely broken up into wart-like scales, therefore not persistent at the base of the stem, which is at first globose-bulbous, becoming less so as it lengthens. Pileus bearing mealy patches, soon disappearing or with small, hard, pointed warts. **** Volva rudimentary, flocculose, wholly disappearing. * _Volva bursting at top, etc._ =A. viro´sa= Fr.—_virus_, poison. Shining white. =Pileus= 3–4 in. broad, fleshy, _at first conical and acute_, afterwards bell-shaped, then expanded, naked, viscous in wet weather, shining when dry, _margin_ always even, but most frequently _unequal_, turned backward and inflexed. =Flesh= white, unchangeable. =Stem= 4–6 in. long, _wholly stuffed_, almost solid, split up into longitudinal fibrils, cylindrical from the bulbous base, often compressed at the apex, _torn into scales_ on the surface, springing from a _lax, wide, thick volva_, which bursts open at the apex. =Ring= close to the top, lax, silky, splitting up into floccose fragments. =Gills= free, thin, narrow, narrowing at both ends, but a little broader in front, not decurrent on the stem (although the apex of the stem is often striate), crowded, somewhat floccose at the edge. _Fries._ The pilei are most frequently oblique, extended and lobed on one side as in Hygrophorous conicus, scarcely ever depressed. The pileus rarely becomes yellow. The fragments of the veil often adhere to the edge of the gills. [Illustration: Grouped by F.D. Briscoe—Studies by C. McIlvaine. PLATE VI.] FIG. PAGE. FIG. PAGE. 1. AMANITA SPRETA, 11 4. AMANITA MUSCARIA, 14