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Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles

Science

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

Name: Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
Author: McIlvaine, Charles

McIlvaine, Charles

Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America

=L. excoria´ta= Schaeff.—stripped of its skin. =Flesh= spongy, rather
thick, white, unchangeable. =Pileus= at first globose, then flat, hardly
umbonate, pale-fawn or whitish, disk dark; cuticle thin, silky or scaly,
sometimes areolate, more or less peeled toward margin, hence its name.
=Gills= ventricose, white, free, somewhat remote. =Stem= attenuated,
hollow or stuffed, short, scarcely bulbous, smooth, white, not spotted,
very distinct from flesh of pileus. =Ring= movable but not so freely as
that of L. procera.

=Stem= 1½-2½ high, less than ½ in. thick. =Pileus= 2–3 in. broad.

=Spores= 14–15×8–9µ _Massee_.

In pastures or grassy lawns. May to September.

North Carolina, edible, _Curtis_; Massachusetts, _Frost_; California,
_H. and M._; Ohio, _Morgan_; Minnesota, _Johnson_.

Distinguished from the preceding by its smaller size and short stem
which is scarcely bulbous.

Esculent qualities good.


=L. mastoi´dea= Fr. _Gr._—breast-shaped. =Pileus= rather thin, ovate,
bell-shaped, then flattened, with a conspicuous acute umbo, cuticle
thin, brownish, breaking up in minute scattered scales; the pileus
appears whitish beneath. =Stem= hollow, smooth, tough, flexible,
attenuated from the bulbous base to the apex. =Ring= entire, movable.
=Gills= very remote, crowded, broad, tapering at both ends, white.

=Pileus= 1–2 in. broad. =Stem= 2–3 in. long, 3–4 lines thick at base,
1½-2 lines at apex.

North Carolina, edible, _Curtis_. It is generally eaten in Europe. In
woods, especially about old stumps. October.

The entire plant is whitish and is well marked by the prominent umbo,
which generally has a depression around it. It has the least substance
of any in this section, and consequently not much value as food.


=L. gracilen´ta= Krombh.—_gracilis_, slender. =Pileus= rather fleshy,
thickest at the disk, ovate then bell-shaped, finally flattened,
obscurely umbonate; at first brownish from the adnate cuticle, which,
breaking up into broad adpressed scales, allows the whitish pileus to be
seen beneath them. =Gills= remote, very broad, crowded, pallid. =Stem=
whitish, obscurely scaly, hollow or containing slight fibrils, slightly
bulbous. =Ring= thin, floccose, vanishing.

=Stem= 5–6 in. long, 3–5 lines thick. In pastures, also in woods.

=Spores= 11×8µ _W.G.S._

Almost as tall as L. procera, but slighter in stem and pileus; the ring,
instead of being firm and persistent, is thin and fugacious, and the
stem is hardly bulbous.

Edible, but not of the first quality.

[Illustration:

  Photographed by Dr. J.R. Weist.                 PLATE XIV.
  LEPIOTA MORGANI.
]

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

Science

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

McIlvaine, Charles

Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America

=L. excoria´ta= Schaeff.—stripped of its skin. =Flesh= spongy, rather
thick, white, unchangeable. =Pileus= at first globose, then flat, hardly
umbonate, pale-fawn or whitish, disk dark; cuticle thin, silky or scaly,
sometimes areolate, more or less peeled toward margin, hence its name.
=Gills= ventricose, white, free, somewhat remote. =Stem= attenuated,
hollow or stuffed, short, scarcely bulbous, smooth, white, not spotted,
very distinct from flesh of pileus. =Ring= movable but not so freely as
that of L. procera.

=Stem= 1½-2½ high, less than ½ in. thick. =Pileus= 2–3 in. broad.

=Spores= 14–15×8–9µ _Massee_.

In pastures or grassy lawns. May to September.

North Carolina, edible, _Curtis_; Massachusetts, _Frost_; California,
_H. and M._; Ohio, _Morgan_; Minnesota, _Johnson_.

Distinguished from the preceding by its smaller size and short stem
which is scarcely bulbous.

Esculent qualities good.


=L. mastoi´dea= Fr. _Gr._—breast-shaped. =Pileus= rather thin, ovate,
bell-shaped, then flattened, with a conspicuous acute umbo, cuticle
thin, brownish, breaking up in minute scattered scales; the pileus
appears whitish beneath. =Stem= hollow, smooth, tough, flexible,
attenuated from the bulbous base to the apex. =Ring= entire, movable.
=Gills= very remote, crowded, broad, tapering at both ends, white.

=Pileus= 1–2 in. broad. =Stem= 2–3 in. long, 3–4 lines thick at base,
1½-2 lines at apex.

North Carolina, edible, _Curtis_. It is generally eaten in Europe. In
woods, especially about old stumps. October.

The entire plant is whitish and is well marked by the prominent umbo,
which generally has a depression around it. It has the least substance
of any in this section, and consequently not much value as food.


=L. gracilen´ta= Krombh.—_gracilis_, slender. =Pileus= rather fleshy,
thickest at the disk, ovate then bell-shaped, finally flattened,
obscurely umbonate; at first brownish from the adnate cuticle, which,
breaking up into broad adpressed scales, allows the whitish pileus to be
seen beneath them. =Gills= remote, very broad, crowded, pallid. =Stem=
whitish, obscurely scaly, hollow or containing slight fibrils, slightly
bulbous. =Ring= thin, floccose, vanishing.

=Stem= 5–6 in. long, 3–5 lines thick. In pastures, also in woods.

=Spores= 11×8µ _W.G.S._

Almost as tall as L. procera, but slighter in stem and pileus; the ring,
instead of being firm and persistent, is thin and fugacious, and the
stem is hardly bulbous.

Edible, but not of the first quality.

[Illustration:

  Photographed by Dr. J.R. Weist.                 PLATE XIV.
  LEPIOTA MORGANI.
]

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.

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