Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
=T. transmu´tans= Pk.—changing. =Pileus= convex, _nearly bare_, viscid
when moist, brownish, reddish-brown or tawny-red, usually paler on the
margin. =Flesh= white, taste and odor farinaceous. =Gills= narrow,
close, sometimes branched, whitish or pale yellowish, becoming dingy or
reddish-spotted when old. =Stem= equal or slightly tapering upward,
_bare_ or slightly silky-fibrillose, stuffed or hollow, whitish, often
marked with reddish stains or becoming reddish-brown toward the base,
white within. =Spores= subglobose, 5µ.
=Pileus= 2–4 in. broad. =Stem= 3–4 in. long, 3–6 lines thick.
Woods. The plants are often cespitose.
I suspect that Agaricus frumentaceus of Curtis’s catalogue belongs to
this species. Both the pileus and stem, as well as the gills, are apt to
assume darker hues with age or in drying, and this character suggested
the specific name. The species is classed as edible. _Peck_, 44th Rep.
N.Y. State Bot.
Curtis catalogues T. frumentaceum as edible.
T. transmutans is reported from many states. It has a mealy taste and
odor. Wherever it is found it is a valuable food species.
=T. sejunc´tum= Sow.—separated; from the peculiar manner in which the
gills separate from the stem. =Pileus= fleshy, convex then expanded,
umbonate, slightly viscid, _streaked with innate brown or blackish
fibrils_, whitish or yellowish, sometimes greenish-yellow. =Flesh=
white, fragile. =Gills= _broad, subdistant_, rounded behind or
emarginate, white. =Stem= solid, stout, often irregular, white. =Spores=
subglobose, 6.5µ.
=Pileus= 1–3 in. broad. =Stem= 1–3 in. long, 4–8 lines thick.
Mixed woods. Suffolk county, N.Y. September.
The plants referred to this species are not uncommon on Long Island,
growing on sandy soil in woods of oak and pine. They are usually more or
less irregular and the pileus becomes fragile. It is quite variable in
color, sometimes approaching a smoky-brown hue, again being nearly
white. The taste of the typical form is said to be bitter, but the
flavor of our plant is scarcely bitter. In other respects, however, it
agrees well with the description of the species. _Peck_, 44th Rep. N.Y.
State Bot.
=Spores= 6µ. _W.G.S._
Flesh is tender. Cooked, of good body and peculiar but pleasant flavor.
A valuable species, baked, scalloped, fried.
=T. terri´ferum= Pk.—_terra_, earth; _fero_, to bear. =Pileus= broadly
convex or nearly plane, irregular, often wavy on the margin, glabrous,
viscid, _pale-yellow_, generally soiled with adhering particles of earth
carried up in its growth. =Flesh= white, with no decided odor. =Gills=
thin, crowded, slightly adnexed, white, not spotted or changeable.
=Stem= equal, short, solid, white, _floccose-squamulose at the apex_.
=Spores= minute, subglobose, 3µ.
=Pileus= 3–4 in. broad. =Stem= 1–1.5 in. long, 6–8 lines thick.
Woods. Catskill mountains. September. _Peck_, 44th Rep. N.Y. State Bot.
Found in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey. August to frost.
_McIlvaine._
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