Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
=T. bre´vipes= Bull.—_brevis_, short; _pes_, a foot. =Pileus= about 2
in. broad, _umber then becoming pale_, fleshy, _soft, convex then
becoming plane_, even, smooth, moist (opaque when dry); flesh of the
pileus _becoming brownish_ when moist, becoming white when dry. =Stem=
_solid_, very _rigid_, at length fibrous, _pruinate at the apex,
externally and internally fuscous_; otherwise very variable, sometimes
_very short_, 2–3 lines only long and thick, attenuated downward;
commonly 1 in., sometimes bulbous, sometimes equal, more slender.
=Gills= emarginato-free, _crowded_, ventricose, disappearing short of
the margin, quite entire, becoming fuscous then whitish. Solitary.
_Inodorous._ The pileus is often stained with soil. _Stevenson._
=Spores= elliptical, 7.5×5µ _Peck_; 7–4µ _Massee_.
Esculent and very delicate. _Paulet._ Esculent. _Cooke._
=T. hu´mile= Pers.—low, small. (Plate XVIII, fig. 6, p. 60.) Very
variable in form and color. =Cap= 2–3 in. across, convex then expanded,
wavy, flattened, sometimes umbonate, sometimes depressed, glabrous,
occasionally powdered with thin white dust, fragments of veil, sometimes
viscid. =Color= changes with moisture, blackish, grayish, and having
somewhat the appearance of an oyster. =Gills= rounded-adnexed, with a
slight tooth, arcuately decurrent, crowded, 2–3 lines broad, whitish.
=Flesh= soft, whitish or grayish. =Stem= 1–2 in. long, up to ½ in.
thick, equal (misshapen by pressure when tufted), light gray, _covered
with fine down_, stuffed, becoming hollow, soft, fragile. Gregarious,
usually tufted.
=Spores= 7–8×5–6µ _K._
Open woods, in gardens, among cinders, grass, etc., September to frost.
Woodland Cemetery, Philadelphia, 1897. _McIlvaine._
Its tufted habit and fair size, fleshy cap of good flavor, make it a
desirable species. It cooks readily and the caps are of fine flavor.
=T. pæ´didum= Fr.—_pædidus_, nasty. =Pileus= about 1-½ in. across.
=Flesh= very thin, tough, becoming whitish; bell-shaped then convex, at
length expanded, umbonate, at length depressed round the conical,
prominent umbo, moist, virgate or streaked with innate fibrils radiating
from the center, otherwise almost even, smoky-mouse color, opaque,
margin naked. =Gills= adnexed with a slight decurrent tooth, slightly
sinuate, crowded, narrow, white then gray. =Stem= about 1 in. long and 2
lines thick, base slightly bulbous, tough, slightly striate, naked,
dingy-gray. =Spores= elliptic-fusiform, 10–11×5–6µ.
In gardens, on dung-hills, etc. Small, tough, color dingy, without a
trace of violet tinge. _Massee._
Edible. Cooks tender, and is of good flavor, notwithstanding its name,
which in no way applies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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