Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.McIlvaine, Charles
Science
Toadstools, mushrooms, fungi, edible and poisonous; one thousand American fungi: How to select and cook the edible; how to distinguish and avoid the poisonous, with full botanic descriptions. Toadstool poisons and their treatment, instructions to students, recipes for cooking, etc., etc.
McIlvaine, Charles
Cooking (Mushrooms); Edible mushrooms -- North America; Fungi -- North America; Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Poisonous -- North America
Several species of Clitocybe have not been seen or tested by me, nor
have I information that these have been tested.
ANALYSIS OF TRIBES.
_A._ PILEUS FLESHY, OFTEN PALLID WHEN DRY, _not hygrophanous_.
Flesh firm, not watery, nor splitting into plates. Those which turn pale
in drying differ from Series _B_ by their silky luster.
DISCIFORMES (disk-shaped). Page 85.
Pileus somewhat equally fleshy; convex then plane or depressed, obtuse,
regular; gills at first adnate or regularly adnato-decurrent. Normally
solitary.
* Pileus gray or brownish.
** Pileus violet or reddish.
*** Pileus becoming yellowish.
**** Pileus greenish, becoming pale.
***** Pileus white, becoming shining white.
Distinguished from white hygrophanous species and white species of
Paxillus.
DIFFORMES (irregularly shaped). Page 94.
Pileus fleshy in the center, thin at the margin, at first umbonate, then
expanded and depressed, irregular. Gills unequally decurrent, longer in
some places than in others, sometimes rounded on one side of the stem or
only reaching it as in Tricholoma. Stem somewhat cartilaginous
externally, but fibrous.
Cespitose, often grown together at base, variable in form, sometimes
solitary.
INFUNDIBULIFORMES (funnel-shaped). Page 98.
Pileus becoming thin from the fleshy center to the margin, at length
funnel-shaped or deeply umbilicately depressed in the center. Stem
spongy, externally fibrous. Gills deeply and equally decurrent from the
first. Pileus often becoming discolored or pallid, not hygrophanous.
* Pileus colored or becoming pale, the surface (at least under a lens)
innately flocculose or silky, bibulous, not moist.
** Pileus colored or pallid, smooth, moist in rainy weather.
*** Pileus shining whitish, with scattered superficial flocci or
becoming smooth.
_B._ PILEUS FLESHY-MEMBRANACEOUS.
Flesh thin, soft, watery, hygrophanous.
CYATHIFORMES (cup-shaped). Page 104.
Flesh of pileus thin, consisting of two separable plates, disk not
compact, hygrophanous, depressed then cup-shaped; gills at first adnate
then decurrent, descending, straight. Color dingy when moist.
ORBIFORMES (round-shaped). Page 109.
Pileus somewhat fleshy, hygrophanous, convex then flattened or
depressed, polished, not squamulose nor mealy; gills plane, horizontal,
thin, crowded, adnate or decurrent with a small tooth. Color dingy or
becoming watery pale.
* Gills becoming ash-colored. Pileus at first dark.
** Gills whitish. Pileus becoming pale.
VERSIFORMES (variable in shape). Page 106.
Pileus thin, convex then deformed, tough, more or less squamulose or
furfuraceous; gills adnate, broad, rather thick, generally distant.
Color hygrophanous.
* Pileus squalid or brownish with dark squamules. None known to be
edible.
** Pileus bright, of one color.
_Series A._
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