Toledo, the Story of an Old Spanish CapitalLynch, Hannah
History
Toledo, the Story of an Old Spanish Capital
Lynch, Hannah
Toledo (Spain) -- Description and travel; Toledo (Spain) -- History
We know that El Greco had disciples, since his two most famous, Fray
Bautista Maino and Luis Tristan, were considerable artistes, whose work
in Toledo is only second to his own. But had he a school such as had the
great Italian masters? Was he beloved, admired, followed through the
town? What was his influence upon the young men around him? Was his
personality intense and commanding? Strong, yes, else he would never
have dabbled in litigation. We may imagine too some intemperateness of
character to explain the intemperate blemishes of his work. The strange
obscurity of so successful a career as his must have been, if the most
important commissions of the time mean anything, leaves us in doubt of
the man's personal attractiveness. He can scarcely have formed strong
friendships, or some testimony, some facts would have reached us through
these. A wilful, obstinate, self-centred nature is revealed in all his
works, and a curious lack of temperament and charm in it would explain
to some extent the man's lack of personal magnetism and influence to
account for the century's indifference to the creator of work it seems
to have appreciated so thoroughly.
We find him again at loggerheads with Felipe Segundo. The Escorial was
built, and the morose Philip ordered El Greco to paint a picture of the
martyrdom of St Maurice for the chapel. He had by this entered into his
last period of accentuated eccentricity, of which the St John the
Baptist of the _Hospital de Afuera_, beyond the Puerta de Visagra, is a
sufficiently exasperating example. The St Maurice I have not seen, but
if the saint's legs in any way resembled those of St John the Baptist,
small blame to the astounded king when he refused to accept the picture.
The sacristan of the _Hospital de Afuera_ explains the outrageous
anatomical contortions in the blunt good-natured fashion of the people:
"Picture by El Greco when he went mad." But as El Greco never went mad,
we rest dissatisfied with the information. There can be no doubt that
every strongly-marked nature reveals excess of some sort in whatever
direction development may tend. Neither men nor things, nor colour nor
line, can appear the same to all. The same sex and nation produced
Rossetti's women and Romney's. Greuze and Puvis de Chavannes see
Frenchwomen with a different eye, though woman herself is the eternally
unchanged, the same variously-imaged enigma of the beginning, rather
reflected and modified through the glance that scans her than seriously
altered or influenced by environment and impression. Humanity was not an
elegant affair for Hogarth, and viewed through El Greco's imagination,
it ceased to possess proportion, and man became absurdly tall and
grotesquely contorted. He bestows the finished hand of twenty on a child
of ten, and shoots his saints up to such a height as would make them
ridiculous in Frederick's famous Potsdam regiment of giants. But this is
no indication of madness, any more than any other exaggeration of a
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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