Particular attention should be paid to the protection of the hands,
ears, face, and feet--the body will take care of itself. For the hands
Scotch wool mitts will be ample--mitts rather than gloves for the reason
that there is but one space in each to be kept warm whereas in gloves
there is a separate place in each finger where heat must be maintained.
A larger pair of leather mitts worn over all will be found to retain
heat besides resisting wear much better than wool. The ears and face are
protected by a wool cap or llama combination cap and sleeping hood. The
hood of the parka with its fur edged face opening cannot be excelled for
head and neck protection. The face is to some extent exposed necessarily
for breathing and the nose may be expected to suffer some. The intense
light reflected from the snow will necessitate the use of smoked
goggles, those with rubber frames being best as no metal will then touch
the sensitive flesh.
Since much of your comfort in outdoor winter work or pastime depends
upon the feet a few words concerning their proper care is not amiss
here. Above all the feet must be kept dry. They are pretty apt to
perspire and this moisture can be absorbed by filling the bottom of the
shoe packs with straw which acts also as a cushion. At the day’s end you
will find the socks dry and the straw wet--the desirable condition as
wet socks will freeze and the feet become chilled. The best foot
covering in dry snow is the oiled moccasin or shoe pac. No tight shoes
are permissible in snow work at all for they will restrict the
circulation by which the warmth of the body is carried to the
extremities. For wet snow the outer foot covering should be of rubber,
since leather when wet freezes and becomes stiff and for this the
lumberman’s rubber _over_ which has a laced leather top with rubber foot
cover is unexcelled. Next the foot wear two pairs of heavy wool
lumberman’s socks reaching nearly to the knee.
If one is lost in the winter woods a bivouac constructed somewhat along
the following lines will be found adequate for the needs of comfort and
health. For cold weather shelter select for the site a hollow deep in
the woods well surrounded by trees where all will be sheltered from the
biting winds. Such a place for the summer camp would not be best because
a night’s rain might flood the hollow. First find a wind break of
cliff, rocks or fallen tree or build one of rocks or down timber. If it
is rainy make a slant roof of poles and shingle with browse or bark and
with a top cover of more poles to hold all in place. On the prairie
where a windbreak is impossible build two fires at right angles to the
wind and get between them. The smoke will blow away in columns parallel
with your body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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