TOURING IN 1600 [Illustration: DEPARTURE OF A TOURIST] TOURING IN 1600 _A Study in the Development of Travel as a Means of Education_ By E. S. BATES With Illustrations from Contemporary Sources [Illustration] BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY 1911 COPYRIGHT, 1911, BY E. S. BATES ALL RIGHTS RESERVED _Published September 1911_ TO HED CONTENTS I. Some of the Tourists 3 II. Guide-Books and Guides 35 III. On the Water 60 IV. Christian Europe PART I. EUROPEAN EUROPE 95 PART II. THE UNVISITED NORTH 154 PART III. THE MISUNDERSTOOD WEST 162 V. Mohammedan Europe PART I. THE GRAND SIGNOR 182 PART II. JERUSALEM AND THE WAY THITHER 205 VI. Inns 240 VII. On the Road 284 VIII. The Purse 313 Special References 381 Bibliography 389 Index 407 ILLUSTRATIONS DEPARTURE OF A TOURIST _Frontispiece_ (_British Museum MS. Egerton 1222, fol. 44._) A PILGRIMAGE SCENE 18 _From a woodcut by Michael Ostendorfer (1519-1559) or perhaps by his master, Albrecht Altdorfer. Both lived at Regensburg, where the scene of this picture is laid, this shrine of Our Lady of Regensburg being a regular pilgrimage centre (British Museum)._ THE CHEAPEST WAY 22 _"Les Bohémiens" (no. 1) by Jacques Callot (1594-1635). The artist ran away from home to Italy when a youngster and fell in with company of this kind on the road. The second state (1633; British Museum) has been reproduced in preference to the first as being in no way inferior and having the advantage of the verses appended to them by another traveller of the time, the Abbé de Marolles._ A TYPICAL TOWN-PLAN 52 _Map of Venice, illustrating especially the disregard of scale. From H. de Beauveau's "Relation journalière," 1615._ A TYPICAL MAP 54 _Part of Flanders, from Matthew Quadt's "Geographisch Handtbuch," 1600. Illustrates the approximateness of detail and the absence of roads, especially as contrasted with the indications of waterways. But it must be noted that cartography made as great advances during the period here dealt with as surgery during the nineteenth century._ A CHANNEL PASSAGE-BOAT 64 _From Münster's "Cosmographie," 1575 (ii. 865—part of the map of Germany)._ SHIP FOR A LONG-DISTANCE VOYAGE 72 _Dutch vessel, showing the open cabins at the stern in which Moryson preferred to sleep. From J. Fürtenbach's "Architectura Navalis," 1629._ LOCK BETWEEN BOLOGNA AND FERRARA 82