_Phoroneus_, "an ancient poet quoted by Clemens Alex. (i. 380) calls him the first of mortals, [Greek: phyroneus patêr thnêtôn anthrôpôn]." The first deluge took place under Phoroneus: "He was also the first who _built_ an altar. He first collected men together and formed them into petty communities."--Pausanias, lib. 2, 145. He first gave laws and distributed justice.--Syncellus, 67, 125. They ascribed to him the distribution of mankind, "idem nationes distribuit" (Hyginus' Fab. 143), "which is a circumstance very remarkable." _Poseidon's_ epithets connected with the ark are very striking (Bryant, ii. 269, _Deucalion, vide ante_, p. 232); but he is also said (Apollon. Rhod. lib. 3, v. 1085) to have been "the first man through whom religious rites were renewed, cities built, and civil polity established in the world." _Cecrops_ (_vide ante_, p. 220), the identical terms are used. _Myrmidon_, "a person of great justice." "He is said to have collected people together, humanised mankind, enacted laws, and first established civil polity."--Scholia in Pindar, Ode 3, v. 21. _Cadmus, vide ante_, p. 221. _Pelasgus_ also is described as equally a benefactor to mankind, and instructed them in many arts.--Pausanias, 8, 599. He is said to have built the first temple to the deity "ædem Jovi Olympis primum fecit Pelasgus."--Hyginus' Fab. 225, 346. Bryant says, "I have taken notice that as Noah was said to have been [Greek: hanthrôpos gês]," a man of the earth--this characteristic is observable in every history of the primitive persons; and they are represented as '[Greek: nomioi],' '[Greek: agrioi]', and '[Greek: gêgeneis].' Pelasgus accordingly had this title (Æschy. "Supplicants," v. 250), and it is particularly mentioned of him that he _was the first_ husbandman. Pelasgus first found out all that is necessary for the cultivation of the ground."--Schol. in Eurip. "Orestes," v. 930. _Osiris._--The account of Osiris in Diodorus Siculus is exactly similar. He travels into all countries like Bacchus. He builds cities; and although represented as at the head of an army, is described with the muses and sciences in his retinue. In every region he instructed the people in planting, sowing, and other useful acts.--Tibullus, i. E. 8, v. 29. He particularly introduced the vine, and when that was not adapted to the soil, the use of ferment and wine of barley. He first built temples, and was a lawgiver and king (Diod. Sic.).--Bryant, ii. 60. _Chin-nong_ (_vide_ also Bunsen, _supra_, p. 63) "was a husbandman, and taught the Chinese agriculture, &c., discovered the virtues of many plants. He was represented with the _head of an ox_, and sometimes only with two horns."--Comp. Bryant, iii. 584. _Manco Capac._--Peru, _vide infra_, ch. xiii.; very curious.