Travels Amongst American Indians, Their Ancient Earthworks and Temples: Including a Journey in Guatemala, Mexico and Yucatan, and a Visit to the Ruins of Patinamit, Utatlan, Palenque and UxmalBrine, Lindesay
History
Travels Amongst American Indians, Their Ancient Earthworks and Temples: Including a Journey in Guatemala, Mexico and Yucatan, and a Visit to the Ruins of Patinamit, Utatlan, Palenque and Uxmal
Brine, Lindesay
Guatemala -- Antiquities; Indians -- Antiquities; Mexico -- Antiquities; North America -- Description and travel
It is this coincidence that causes attention to be directed to an
endeavour to form some reasonable solution of the problem. It will be
observed, upon an examination of the illustration of the tablet of the
cross, that the name Quetzalcoatl is represented by the quetzal, the
emblematic bird of the Quichés, and by peculiar marks surrounding the
cross which are thought to be intended to denote a serpent (coatl)
which, as at Uxmal, was probably the Totem of the tribe.[114] But
the principal figure placed in the centre of the altar is the cross.
This by its shape and position must have been intended to have had an
especial significance.
It is related by Gomara that, upon the occasion of the discovery of
Yucatan by the expedition under the command of Francisco Hernandez
in 1517, the Spaniards observed in the country near Cape Catoche,
crosses of brass and wood placed over graves. The unexpected finding of
these crosses in an hitherto unknown land attracted the attention of
geographers in Spain and, to some extent, led to theories with regard
to the possible arrival in Yucatan of the Spanish ecclesiastics who
had, according to an ancient legend, fled from Spain when that country
was conquered by the Saracens in the eighth century, and were believed
to have reached an island in the western parts of the Atlantic ocean
called Antilia.
What Gomara wrote upon this subject is as follows:—
“In that place there were found crosses of brass and wood over the
dead, from whence some argue that many Spaniards had fled to this land
when the destruction of Spain was done by the Moors in the time of
the King Don Roderick: but I do not believe it; since there are not
any in the islands that we have mentioned: in some one of which it is
necessary, and also compulsory to touch at, before arriving there.”
Gomara was undoubtedly correct in not believing that these crosses
were placed over the graves of Spaniards who had arrived in Yucatan
after the defeat and flight of King Roderick. It is not requisite to
go back to events that occurred in Spain in the eighth century to
account for the existence of crosses on the promontory of Cape Catoche.
When Hernandez landed there in 1517, nearly a quarter of a century
had elapsed since Columbus had founded his settlements in Cuba and
Hispaniola, and during that interval many small expeditions had been
organised by Spanish adventurers for the purpose of exploring the
coasts in the direction of Honduras and Nicaragua. In pursuing these
voyages of discovery their vessels must have frequently passed at no
great distance from the eastern shores of Yucatan where, on their
return from the south, they would have been baffled by contrary winds
and currents. Under such conditions it is not improbable that one of
the vessels may have been wrecked or abandoned off Cape Catoche, and
that some of the crew perished and were buried by the survivors near
the seacoast.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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