[Footnote 90: Journal of the Leipsic Oriental Society, vol. ix. p. 518.] [Footnote 91: Journal of the Leipsic Oriental Society, vol. ix. p. 525.] [Footnote 92: “The palace which was erected in Timbúktu was called ‘mʿaduk,’ or ‘mʿadugu.’ This is evidently a Mandingo word, meaning ‘the house of the king;’ but it was certainly called so in the language of the conquerors, and not in that of the natives, and Áhmed Bábá understands the former when he says that the building was called by this name in _their_ language.”—_Journal of Leipsic Oriental Society_, ix. p. 525.] [Footnote 93: The _u_ sound in the first syllable of the name is the only original one, not only in the Songhay, but also in the Arabic form; but it has gradually been changed into an _i_, and almost all the Arabs at the present time pronounce and write T_i_nbuktu, تِنبُكتُ. The town was probably so called, because it was built originally in a hollow or cavity in the sandhills. Túmbutu means hole or womb in the Songhay language: if it were a Temáshight word, it would be written T_i_nbuktu. The name is generally interpreted by Europeans, _well_ of Buktu, but _tin_ has nothing to do with well. See Vol. I. p. 333, note.] [Footnote 94: See Áhmed Bábá, l.c. p. 526.] [Footnote 95: It is remarkable that, in a map published at Strasburg in the year 1513, the kingdom of Melle appears under the name of Regnum Musa Melle de Ginoria. Atlas of Santarem, pl. No. 13.] [Footnote 96: It is not to be wondered at that Leo, who visited Negroland just at the time when this prince was aspiring to power, and who must have written the greater part of what he relates of him and his conquests from information which he had received after he had left the country, should treat this usurper, whose identity with his Ischia cannot be doubtful, with very little indulgence; and it even seems as if he purposely intended to give a bad interpretation to everything which the king undertook, a fact which is clearly evident from what he relates with regard to his proceedings in Háusa. That the taxes imposed by him upon his subjects may have been heavy, I concede may be true, as without a considerable revenue he was not able to keep up a strong military force; but at least they evidently must have been much less than they were in the time of Sonni ʿAlí, when almost the whole population was engaged in war. We find a very heavy duty upon salt, from each load 5_l._] [Footnote 97: See Cooley, “Negroland,” p. 75, n. 26. and p. 77, n. 28.] [Footnote 98: Journal of the Leipsic Oriental Society, vol. ix. p. 554. If there be no mistake, there was a “koy” as well as a “farma” in some of the provinces, such as Bára.] [Footnote 99: A governor of the town of Sáy is perhaps indicated under the title of Sáy-weli. Ibid. p. 550.]