Of the fact of Memphis having been surrounded by water, some evidences appear even at this day. Parts of the banks of the canal yet are visible toward the mountains, and at the extremities of the ground, where ruins are distinguishable.] [Footnote 32: Soudân in Arabic corresponds to our Nigritia, merely general words for the _country of the blacks_.] [Footnote 33: In passing the desert, partly from want of water, partly from being overloaded, (these animals being then scarce and dear in Egypt,) so many camels died, that several merchants of the caravan were obliged to bury their goods in the sand near Selimé, whither they afterwards sent for them.] [Footnote 34: The _Mahréa_ Arabs have the art of making wicker baskets, of so close a texture, that they carry in them milk, water, bouza. Much of the earthen ware made by the people of Dar-Fûr is glazed, I know not with what composition.] [Footnote 35: A fermented liquor, called _Bûza_ or _Merîsi_.] [Footnote 36: By the law of the Prophet, any illicit connexion with the female slave of another makes the person guilty responsible for her value to the owner. Thus the personal injury is expiated. The public offence of _Zinna_, whoredom, incurs a punishment varying according to the character and circumstances of the offender; but the positive testimony of four witnesses is necessary to establish this fact.] [Footnote 37: A female slave.] [Footnote 38: It is not usual with Mohammedans to eat meat in such a state. It is reported in Soudan, I know not how truly, that the Leopard, after he has seized his prey, leaves it till it become putrid before he eats of it.] [Footnote 39: Here is one among many instances of tacit submission to the authority of the head of a tribe, though unfurnished with any express deputation from the government.] [Footnote 40: Sultan Teraub used always to reside at Rîl, but the present monarch, or usurper, is induced by his fears to wander from place to place. The first place I saw him at was _Heglig_; the next was _Tini_; the third was _Tendelti_, where he passed about a year.] [Footnote 41: The Fûrians, it may be remarked, distinguish the South part of their empire by this term, as well as the Egyptians.] [Footnote 42: On the East of Fûr there is a particular tribe of Arabs, who curl their hair, as it were, in a bushy wig, resembling that of the antient figures in the ruins of Persepolis. It is probable that many fragments of antient nations may be found in the interior of Africa. Carthaginians expelled by the Romans, Vandals by Belisarius, &c. &c.] [Footnote 43: In the market held at Cobbé, there are slaughtered ordinarily from ten to fifteen oxen, and from forty to sixty sheep; but all the villages, six or eight miles round, are thence supplied.