Boundaries and Division of Tribes Neither Rulers nor Subjects Deb Islam Change introduced by latter only external Influence of Mollahs Construction of Nomad Tents Alaman, how conducted Persian Cowardice Turkoman Poets Troubadours Simple Marriage Ceremonies Horses Mounds, how and when formed Mourning for Dead Turkoman Descent General Points connected with the History of the Turkomans Their present Political and Geographical Importance. {xvi} CHAPTER XVII.--Page 329 THE CITY OF KHIVA. Khiva, the Capital Principal Divisions, Gates, and Quarters of the City Bazaars Mosques Medresse or Colleges; how founded, organised, and endowed Police Khan and his Government Taxes Tribunals Khanat Canals Political Divisions Produce Manufactures and Trade Particular Routes Khanat, how peopled Ozbegs Turkomans Karakalpak Kasak (Kirghis) Sart Persians History of Khiva in Fifteenth Century Khans and their Genealogy. CHAPTER XVIII.--Page 362 THE CITY OF BOKHARA. City of Bokhara, its Gates, Quarters, Mosques, Colleges One founded by Czarina Catherine Founded as Seminaries not of Learning but Fanaticism Bazaars Police System severer than elsewhere in Asia The Khanat of Bokhara Inhabitants: Ozbegs, Tadjiks, Kirghis, Arabs, Mervi, Persians, Hindoos, Jews Government Different Officials Political Divisions Army Summary of the History of Bokhara. CHAPTER XIX.--Page 380 KHANAT OF KHOKAND. Inhabitants Division Khokand Tashkend Khodjend Morgolan Endidjan Hazreti Turkestana Oosh Political Position Recent Wars. CHAPTER XX.--Page 397 CHINESE TARTARY. Approach from West Administration Inhabitants--Cities. CHAPTER XXI.--Page 407 Communication of Central Asia with Russia, Persia, and India Routes in the three Khanats and Chinese Tartary. {xvii} CHAPTER XXII.--Page 419 GENERAL VIEW OF AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, AND TRADE. Agriculture Different kinds of Horses Sheep Camels Asses Manufactures, Principal Seats of Trade Commercial Ascendancy of Russia in Central Asia. CHAPTER XXIII.--Page 430 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL POLITICAL RELATIONS OF CENTRAL ASIA. Internal Relations between Bokhara, Khiva, and Khokand External Relations with Turkey, Persia, China, and Russia. CHAPTER XXIV.--Page 439 THE RIVALRY OF THE RUSSIANS AND ENGLISH IN CENTRAL ASIA. Attitude of Russia and England towards Central Asia Progress of Russia on the Jaxartes. {xviii} LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Dervishes at Bokhara--Frontispiece Reception by Turkoman Chief on the Caspian Shore--45 Intruding upon the Haunts of the Wild Boar--72 Wild Man in the Desert--108 Receiving Payment for Human Heads--Khiva--140 The Ferry across the Oxus--149 Tebbad--Sand Storm in the Desert--161 Entry of the Emir into Samarcand--216 'I swear you are an Englishman!'--278 Tent in Central Asia--316