Travels in Peru and India: While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
History
Travels in Peru and India: While Superintending the Collection of Chinchona Plants and Seeds in South America, and Their Introduction into India.
Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
Cinchona; India -- Description and travel; Peru -- Description and travel
The Government then determined to export the bark which remained
in store on its own account, paying the same price as had been agreed
on by the company.
These two companies lasted for two years, during which time the
Bolivian forests yielded 3,000,000 lbs. of bark. Such was the result of
the high prices which followed the fall of the Pinto monopoly; but it
was the rich contractors, and not the poor bark-collectors, who derived
benefit from the change.[77]
In 1851 Government prohibited the cutting of bark entirely, from the
1st of January, 1852, to the 1st of January, 1854.[78] In 1858 a decree
was issued to regulate the transition of the system of monopoly to that
of free-trade in bark, which caused an improvement in the prices in
European markets; and in November, 1859, Dr. Linares, then President
of Bolivia, declared the right to cut bark in the forests to be free,
and reduced the duty 25 per cent. on the current prices, to be fixed at
the beginning of each year.[79] This is the law which now regulates the
bark trade in Bolivia, and, after a course of short-sighted meddling
legislation, extending over twenty years, in 1850 it still brought
142,000 dollars annually into the public treasury, being a fifteenth
part of the whole revenue of the Republic.
For exportation the bark is wrapped in fresh bullock-hides, having been
previously sewn up in thick cotton bags containing 155 lbs. each. These
hide packages are called _serons_, a mule-load being 285 lbs., and the
transport to the coast costing about ten dollars for each mule-load.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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