Their condition under Spanish colonial rule 117 CHAPTER IX. Narrative of the insurrection of José Gabriel Tupac Amaru, the last of the Incas 134 CHAPTER X. Diego Tupac Amaru--Fate of the Inca's family--Insurrection of Pumacagua 158 CHAPTER XI. Journey from Puno to Crucero, the capital of Caravaya 180 CHAPTER XII. THE PROVINCE OF CARAVAYA. A short historical and geographical description 199 CHAPTER XIII. Caravaya--The valley of Sandia 216 CHAPTER XIV. Coca cultivation 232 CHAPTER XV. CARAVAYA. Chinchona forests of Tambopata 240 CHAPTER XVI. General remarks on the chinchona-plants of Caravaya 267 CHAPTER XVII. JOURNEY FROM THE FORESTS OF TAMBOPATA TO THE PORT OF ISLAY. Establishment of the plants in Wardian cases 275 CHAPTER XVIII. PRESENT CONDITION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF PERU. Population--Civil wars--Government--Constitution--General Castilla and his ministers--Dr. Vigil--Mariano Paz Soldan--Valleys on the coast--Cotton, wool, and specie--The Amazons--Guano--Finances --Literature--Future prospects 288 CHAPTER XIX. Mr. Spruce's expedition to procure plants and seeds of the "red bark," or _C. succirubra_--Mr. Pritchett in the Huanuco region, and the "grey barks"--Mr. Cross's proceedings at Loxa, and collection of seeds of _C. Condaminea_ 313 CHAPTER XX. CONVEYANCE OF CHINCHONA-PLANTS AND SEEDS FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO INDIA. Transmission of dried specimens--Voyages of plants in Wardian cases --Arrival of plants and seeds in India--Depôt at Kew--Treatment of plants in Wardian cases--Effects of introduction of chinchona-plants into India on trade in South America--Neilgherry hills 331 [Illustration] TRAVELS IN INDIA. [Illustration] CHAPTER XXI. MALABAR.