Travels through the states of North America, and the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, during the years 1795, 1796, and 1797 [Vol. 2 of 2]Weld, Isaac
History
Travels through the states of North America, and the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, during the years 1795, 1796, and 1797 [Vol. 2 of 2]
Weld, Isaac
Canada -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800; United States -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
It is for their very curious bark work that the sisters of this convent
are particularly distinguished. The bark of the birch tree is what they
use, and with it they make pocket-books, work-baskets, dressing-boxes,
&c. &c. which they embroider with elk hair died of the most brilliant
colours. They also make models of the Indian canoes, and various warlike
implements used by the Indians.
Nearly all the birch bark canoes in use on the St. Lawrence and Utawa
Rivers, and on the nearer lakes, are manufactured at Three Rivers, and
in the neighbourhood, by Indians. The birch tree is found in great
plenty near the town; but it is from the more northern part of the
country, where the tree attains a very large size, that the principal
part of the bark is procured that canoes are made with. The bark
resembles in some degree that of the cork tree, but it is of a closer
grain, and also much more pliable, for it admits of being rolled up the
same as a piece of cloth. The Indians of this part of the country always
carry large rolls of it in their canoes when they go on a hunting party,
for the purpose of making temporary huts. The bark is spread on small
poles over their heads, and fastened with strips of elm bark, which is
remarkably tough, to stakes, so as to form walls on the sides.
The canoes are made with birch bark, as follows: The ribs, consisting of
thick tough rods, are first bound together; then the birch bark is sowed
on in as large pieces as possible, and a thick coat of pitch is laid
over the seams between the different pieces. To prevent the bark being
injured by the cargo, and to make the canoe stronger, its inside is
lined with two layers of thin pieces of pine, laid in a contrary
direction to each other. A canoe made in this manner is so light that
two men could easily carry one on their shoulders capable of containing
six people.
The birch canoes made at Three Rivers are put together with the utmost
neatness, and on the water they appear very beautiful. They are made
from a size sufficient to hold one man only, to a size large enough for
upwards of twenty. It is wonderful to see with what velocity a few
skilful men with paddles can take on of these canoes of a size suitable
to their number. In a few minutes they would leave the best moulded keel
boat, conducted by a similar number of men with oars, far behind. None
but experienced persons ought ever to attempt to navigate birch canoes,
for they are so light that they are apt to be overset by the least
improper movement of the persons in them.
[Sidenote: VILLAGES.]
The day after that on which we quitted Trois Rivieres, we reached
Montreal once more. The villages between the two places are very
numerous, and the face of the country around them is pleasing, so that
the eye of the traveller is constantly entertained as he passes on; but
there is nothing in this part of the country particularly deserving of
mention.
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Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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