Travels through the states of North America, and the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, during the years 1795, 1796, and 1797 [Vol. 2 of 2]Weld, Isaac
History
Travels through the states of North America, and the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, during the years 1795, 1796, and 1797 [Vol. 2 of 2]
Weld, Isaac
Canada -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800; United States -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
Of the exactness with which they can find out a strange place that they
have been once directed to by their own people, a striking example is
furnished us, I think, by Mr. Jefferson, in his account of the Indian
graves in Virginia. These graves are nothing more than large mounds of
earth in the woods, which, on being opened, are found to contain
skeletons in an erect posture: the Indian mode of sepulture has been too
often described to remain unknown to you. But to come to my story. A
party of Indians that were passing on to some of the sea-ports on the
Atlantic, just as the Creeks above mentioned were going to Philadelphia,
were observed, all on a sudden, to quit the straight road by which they
were proceeding, and without asking any questions, to strike through the
woods in a direct line to one of these graves, which lay at the distance
of some miles from the road. Now very near a century must have passed
over since the part of Virginia, in which this grave was situated, had
been inhabited by Indians; and these Indian travellers, who went to
visit it by themselves, had, unquestionably, never been in that part of
the country before; they must have found their way to it simply from the
description of its situation that had been handed down to them by
tradition.
[Sidenote: ANECDOTE.]
The Indians, for the most part, are admirably well acquainted with the
geography of their own country. Ask them any questions relative to the
situation of a particular place in it, and if there be a convenient spot
at hand, they will, with the utmost facility, trace upon the ground with
a stick a map, by no means inaccurate, of the place in question, and the
surrounding country; they will point out the course of the rivers, and
by directing your attention to the sun, make you acquainted with the
different bearings. I happened once to be sitting in a house at the
western extremity of Lake Erie, whilst we were detained there by
contrary winds, and was employed in looking over a pocket map of the
state of New York, when a young Seneka warrior entered. His attention
was attracted by the sight of the map, and he seemed at once to
comprehend the meaning of it; but never having before seen a general map
of the state of New York, and being wholly ignorant of the use of
letters, he could not discover to what part of the country it had a
reference; simply, however, by laying my finger upon the spot where we
then were, and by shewing to him the line that denoted Buffalo Creek, on
which his village was situated, I gave him the clue to the whole, and
having done so, he quickly ran over the map, and with the utmost
accuracy pointed out by name, every lake and river for upwards of two
hundred miles distant from his village. All the lakes and rivers in this
part of the country still retain the Indian names, so that had he named
them wrong, I could have at once detected him. His pleasure was so great
on beholding such a perfect map of the country, that he could not
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