Treatise on Poisons: In relation to medical jurisprudence, physiology, and the practice of physicChristison, Robert, Sir
Science
Treatise on Poisons: In relation to medical jurisprudence, physiology, and the practice of physic
Christison, Robert, Sir
Medical jurisprudence; Toxicology
It is also the general opinion of toxicologists, that arsenic occasions
death more frequently through means of its remote effects than in
consequence of the local inflammation it excites. In some cases indeed
no symptoms of inflammation occur at all; and in many, although
inflammation is obviously produced, death takes place long before it has
had time to cause material organic injury. Nevertheless in some, though
certainly in comparatively few instances, the local action, it must be
admitted, predominates so much, that the morbid changes of the part
primarily acted on are alone adequate to account for death.
Its chief operation being on organs remote from the part to which it is
applied, a natural object of inquiry is, whether this action results
from the poison entering the blood, and so passing to the remote organs
acted on, or simply arises from the organ remotely affected sympathizing
through the medium of the nerves with the impression made on the organ
which is affected primarily. On this question precise experiments are
still wanted. The general opinion has for some time been that it acts
through the blood. And this view has of late been strengthened by
indisputable evidence, that the poison does enter the blood, and is
diffused by it throughout the body.
For a long period chemists sought in vain for arsenic in the animal
tissues and secretions at a distance from the alimentary canal. Such was
the position of matters at the date of the last edition of this work; in
which the failure was ascribed to the methods of analysis then known not
being delicate enough to discover the small quantity of arsenic which
disappears by absorption in cases of poisoning.[568] That statement is
now referred to, because in a late controversy in France an attempt was
made, by an erroneous quotation of this work, to deprive Professor
Orfila of the honour, which is due to him alone, of having recently been
the first to demonstrate the possibility of detecting arsenic throughout
the organs and secretions generally of the bodies of men and animals
poisoned with it.
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