Treatise on Poisons: In relation to medical jurisprudence, physiology, and the practice of physicChristison, Robert, Sir
Science
Treatise on Poisons: In relation to medical jurisprudence, physiology, and the practice of physic
Christison, Robert, Sir
Medical jurisprudence; Toxicology
These symptoms occasionally amount to absolute narcotism, as in some of
the animals on which Sir B. Brodie experimented. Thus, when he injected
a solution of the oxide into the stomach of a dog, the pulse was
rendered slow and intermitting; the animal became palsied in the
hind-legs, lethargic, and in no long time insensible, with dilated
pupils; and soon afterwards it was seized with convulsions, amidst which
it died, fifty minutes after the poison was administered.[641] In man
the symptoms very seldom resembled so closely those of the narcotic
poisons. In Mr. Stallard’s case, however, formerly mentioned, the
symptoms of irritation which appeared at first speedily gave place to
complete insensibility for two hours before death (pp. 235, 238), a
similar instance has been related in Henke’s Journal. A young man who
got an arsenical solution from an old woman to cure ague, was attacked
after taking it with vomiting and loud cries, afterwards with incoherent
talking, then fell into a deep sleep, and finally perished in
convulsions in five hours.[642]
In some cases of the kind now under consideration, one or two attacks of
vomiting occur at the usual interval after the taking of the poison; but
it seldom continues. The most uniform and remarkable affection is
extreme faintness, amounting at times to deliquium. Occasionally there
is some stupor, or rather oppression, and often slight convulsions. Pain
in the stomach is generally present; but it is slight, and seldom
accompanied with other signs of internal inflammation. Death commonly
takes place in a few hours. Yet, even when it is retarded till the
beginning of the second day, the faintness and stupor are sometimes more
striking features in the case than the symptoms of inflammation in the
stomach.
This variety of poisoning has been hitherto observed only under the
three following circumstances,—when the dose of poison was large,—when
it was in little masses,—or when it was in a state of solution. The mode
in which the first and last circumstances operate is evident; they
facilitate the absorption of a large quantity of arsenic in a short
space of time, so that its remote action begins before local
inflammation is fully developed. But it is not easy to see how any such
effect can flow from the arsenic being in little masses. It is also to
be observed that none of the circumstances here mentioned is invariable
in its operation. An instance is related in Rust’s Magazine, of the
customary signs of irritation having been produced even by the
solution.[643]
On the whole, the present variety of poisoning is rather uncommon, and
indeed, although the attention of the profession was pointedly called to
it even in the first edition of the present work, its existence does not
seem to be so generally known as it ought to be.[644] It may be right
therefore to specify the cases which have been published.
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