Treatise on the Anatomy and Physiology of the Mucous Membranes: With Illustrative Pathological ObservationsBichat, Xavier
Science
Treatise on the Anatomy and Physiology of the Mucous Membranes: With Illustrative Pathological Observations
Bichat, Xavier
Membranes (Biology)
27. We distinguish only a kind of gelatinous juice intermediate
to the corps papillaire and epidermis, and most commonly it is
not even apparent; I have never been able to observe more with
certainty. In examining the skin of a Negro with attention, the
epidermis being detached, I have seen the external surface of the
chorion tinged with black, and that was all. Further, whatever
this corpus mucosum may be, it certainly does not exist in mucous
membranes, since they do not participate in the colour of the
integuments. The heat of the sun, which darkens these in white
people, does not appear to act upon the commencement of these
membranes, which are equally exposed with them to its influence,
as is seen in the red borders of the lips, &c. Nevertheless, I
have many times remarked on the palates of dogs, which have been
the subjects of my experiments, similar spots to those which have
marked their skin.
28. The sensibility of the skin is principally owing to the corps
papillaire; that of the mucous membranes, exactly analogous to
that of the skin, appears to me to arise from the same cause. The
nervous papillæ of these membranes cannot be questioned: at their
origin, where they dip into the cavities, even in the commencement
of these cavities, as on the tongue, the palate, the internal
surface of the alæ nasi, on the glans, in the fossa naviculare,
on the inside of the lips, &c., inspection is sufficient to
demonstrate them. But, we ask, do these papillæ exist also in those
parts of mucous membranes which are more remote from the surface of
the body? Analogy answers in the affirmative, since sensibility is
the same there as at their origin; but inspection proves it in a
no less certain manner. I believe, that the villosities with which
we see them everywhere thickly furnished are nothing else than
these papillæ.
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