Treatment of Cholera in the Royal Hospital, Haslar: during the months of July and August, 1849, with remarks on the name and origin of the disease.Wilson, John (Inspector of Naval Hospitals)
History
Treatment of Cholera in the Royal Hospital, Haslar: during the months of July and August, 1849, with remarks on the name and origin of the disease.
Wilson, John (Inspector of Naval Hospitals)
Cholera
With a view to getting rid of these, and such erroneous or unmeaning
terms, it is proposed to couple with the substantive _cholera_ the
adjective _abiliosa_, the prefixed privative being intended to denote the
suppression of the biliary secretion, so constant and important an
element in the diseased actions constituting cholera. It is true that
other secretions essential to health, as that of urine, are suspended, or
materially lessened; but the total want of bile in the fluid discharged
from the stomach and bowels, is one of the most striking and unequivocal
characteristics of the disease; and the term suggested would serve to
separate it from the form of cholera in which the biliary secretion is
excessively augmented, and with which it is perhaps sometimes confounded.
It would, at any rate, have the merit of giving one distinctive idea, and
leading to no false conclusion. There would then be two intelligible
names for the two forms of the disease, namely, _cholera abiliosa_ and
_cholera biliosa_.
CAUSE OF THE DISEASE.
It is not intended in this place to discuss at length the question of the
contagious power, or personal communicability of cholera, but in support
of the opinion given above, that it is a domestic, not a foreign malady,
with which we have to deal, a few incontrovertible facts will be cited.
The disease broke out at the same time in Gosport, and in Portsea
Portsmouth and Southsea, situated on opposite sides of the harbour, and
affected numbers in different parts of those towns at once.
At the same time—almost to an hour in some of the places—it appeared in
Southampton, Salisbury, Bristol, and Plymouth. Such simultaneous
eruptions of disease, in different distant places, appear incompatible
with the hypothesis of contagion—irreconcileable with the belief that it
arises from, and is communicated by one body to another, either directly
or indirectly, either by recent emanations from a diseased body acting
speedily on proximate healthy bodies, or by the same emanations, in a
concrete form—called formites—acting on distant healthy bodies, after
uncertain lapses of time.
In the Minden, hospital ship at Hong Kong, in 1843, when periodic fever
and flux were prevalent and highly fatal, a man, convalescing from an
attack of the latter, was suddenly seized with unquestionable symptoms of
cholera, which ran its destructive course in a few hours. The case is
noticed in the “Medical Notes on China,” as curious from its isolation;
and a conjecture was hazarded at the time as to some affinity between its
cause and that of fever and fluxes, then rife at that place. No other
case of cholera appeared before or after it, though the subject was
affected and died in the midst of a mass of men, accumulated between the
decks of a ship.
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