Trees with alternate, deciduous, obliquely heart-shaped, serrate leaves, about as broad as long. Leaves two-ranked on the stem. Flowers small, cream-colored, fragrant, in clusters on a peculiar, oblong, leaf-like bract. Fruit small (1/8 in.), globular, woody, in clusters from the same bract. Wood white and soft; inner bark very fibrous and tough. * Flowers with petal-like scales among the stamens; American species. (=A.=) =A.= Leaves very large, 6 to 8 in. 3. =A.= Leaves medium, 4 to 6 in. 1. =A.= Leaves small, 2 to 3 in. 2. * Flowers with no petal-like scales among the stamens. 4. [Illustration: T. Americàna.] 1. =Tília Americàna=, L. (BASSWOOD. WHITEWOOD. LINDEN.) Leaves large, 4 to 6 in. long, green and smooth, or very nearly so, thickish. Fruit ovoid, somewhat ribbed, ¼ in. broad, greenish when ripe in October, on a bract which is usually tapering to the base. Tall tree, 60 to 80 ft. high, wild in rich woods and often cultivated. [Illustration: T. pubéscens.] 2. =Tília pubéscens=, Ait. (SMALL-LEAVED BASSWOOD.) Leaves smaller, 2 to 3 in. long, thinner and rather pubescent beneath. Fruit globose, 1/5 in. broad, on a bract usually quite rounded at base. This is usually considered as a variety of the last-named species. It is found from New York south and west. [Illustration: T. heterophýlla.] 3. =Tília heterophýlla=, Vent. (WHITE BASSWOOD.) Leaves large, often 8 in. broad, smooth and bright green above, silvery white and downy beneath, with darker, purplish veins. A large tree; wild in Pennsylvania, west and south, and often cultivated. [Illustration: T. Europæa.] 4. =Tília Europæa=, Mill. (EUROPEAN LINDEN.) Leaves twice as long as the petioles, and smooth except a woolly tuft in the axils of the veins beneath. Small and large leaved varieties are in cultivation. The flowers have no petal-like scales among the stamens, while the American species have. An ornamental tree with dense foliage; often cultivated from Europe. The twigs are more numerous and more slender than those of the American species. Nearly a score of named varieties are in cultivation. Var. _laciniata_ has deeply cut and twisted leaves. ORDER =IX. RUTÀCEÆ.= (RUE FAMILY.) Shrubs and trees, rarely herbs, in most cases with transparent-dotted, heavy-scented foliage. A rather large order in warm climates. GENUS =12. XANTHÓXYLUM.= Shrubs or trees with mostly odd-pinnate, alternate leaves. The stem and often the leaflets prickly; flowers small, greenish or whitish; fruit dry, thick pods, with 1 to 2 seeds. [Illustration: X. Americànum.]