=The Latest Plays.=--The _estreno_ of a play of Benavente is now one of the principal events of the theatrical year in Madrid. His reputation is securely established, and the public looks to him for the great events of the season. It is true, perhaps, that no play since 1913 has reached the heights achieved by _La malquerida_ and other masterpieces. The keynote of _El collar de estrellas_, _La propia estimación_, and _Campo de armiño_ seems to be the building of character. Nowhere else, perhaps, is the author quite so insistent in setting a standard of human virtue. As a natural consequence he paints some personages who come perilously close to being angels or villains. The tendency is quite in line with the progressive development of Benavente's dramatic and intellectual life. Possibly his art has suffered slightly from a desire to exert a good moral influence, but his reflections have become correspondingly more profound and valuable. Moreover, we must not forget his astonishing versatility. He can stop in the midst of a series of didactic plays and compose something like _Los intereses creados_ or _La malquerida_.[i.13] Therefore it is fair to assert that each new step in the evolution of his _teatro_ adds to what has gone before without supplanting it. =Replies to Criticism.=--Certain criticisms of methods employed by Benavente have been noticed. Replies made by him to unfavorable comment are contained in the following statements: "If any remorse troubles my artistic conscience, it is because I have often sacrificed art to preaching; but in Spain... it is necessary to preach so much, and the theater is such a good pulpit!"[i.14] "And what shall I say of myself? I am the same man that I was in 1897; even my concessions to middle-class sentimentalism, as I could demonstrate with texts, do not belong to the present day alone. And why not? An author has the whole work in which to say what he feels and what he thinks; later, in the conclusion, seeing that life does not conclude anything, why not please the public? If this public, with or without concessions, had not been on my side from the beginning of my dramatic career, could I have continued to present plays? The public was my real support against the critics, who were almost unanimous in affirming that that was not drama."[i.15] "No one is more opposed than I am to giving scandal either in books or in conduct. I shall never defend my works as literary works, but I will defend them as works of spotless morality. If in any of them there is anything that may seem sinful in appearance, it is not I who am speaking; it is some person for whose morality I am not responsible. I am accustomed to allow the personages of my works to express themselves according to their character and temperament. Unfortunately these evil characters are the ones who are always closest to the truth. Only God and my artistic conscience know that it is necessary for us to lie when we wish to moralize."[i.16]