[14] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 26, 27, 28, 31 March, 1, 2, 3 Apr. 47, pp. 5000-5244, 5334-5464. [15] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 12, 13, 14, 16 June 47, pp. 9029-9324. [16] Final plea is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 18 July 47, pp. 11289-11309. [17] Final plea is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 17 July 47, pp. 11128-11152. [18] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 26, 27, 28, 31 March, 1, 2, 3 Apr. 47, pp. 5000-5244, 5334-5464. [19] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 April 47, pp. 6081-6484. [20] Closing statement is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 14 July 1947, pp. 10718-10796. [21] Final plea is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 15 July 47, pp. 10874-10911. [22] Final plea is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 17 July 47, pp. 11128-11152. [23] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 April 1947, pp. 6081-6484. [24] Professor of History of Medicine at Erlangen University. Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 27 Jan. 1947, pp. 1961-2028. [25] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 12, 13, 14 June 1947, pp. 9029-9324. [26] Final plea is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 16 July 47, pp. 10972-10994. [27] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 12, 13, 14, 16 June 47, pp. 9029-9324. [28] To the question of conscientious objection in the United States, see Section VIII E—Voluntary Participation of Experimental Subjects, cross-examination of Dr. Ivy (vol. I, p. 944 ff.). [29] Complete testimony is recorded in mimeographed transcript, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 April 47, pp. 6081-6484. IX. RULING OF THE TRIBUNAL ON COUNT ONE OF THE INDICTMENT[30] PRESIDING JUDGE BEALS: The Secretary General will note for the record the presence of all the defendants in Court. The Tribunal will now announce its ruling on the motion of certain defendants against Count I in the indictment concerning the charge of conspiracy. _MILITARY TRIBUNAL I_ Count I of the indictment in this case charges that the defendants, acting pursuant to a common design, unlawfully, willfully, and knowingly did conspire and agree together to commit war crimes and crimes against humanity as defined in Control Council Law No. 10, Article 2. It is charged that the alleged crime was committed between September 1939 and April 1945. It is the ruling of this Tribunal that neither the Charter of the International Military Tribunal nor Control Council Law No. 10 has defined conspiracy to commit a war crime or crime against humanity as a separate substantive crime; therefore, this Tribunal has no jurisdiction to try any defendant upon a charge of conspiracy considered as a separate substantive offense.