[17] Regarding British activities in Koweit, _cf. infra_, pp. 197–198. [18] _Infra_, p. 149. [19] _Infra_, pp. 155–157; Chéradame, _op. cit._, pp. 267 _et seq._; K. Helfferich, _Die Vorgeschichte des Weltkrieges_ (Berlin, 1919), pp. 124 _et seq._ [20] _The Times_, October 28, 1898 [21] _Annual Register_, 1899, pp. 289–291; _Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons_, Volume 120 (1903), p. 1247, Volume 126 (1903), p. 108; W. von Hohenzollern, _My Memoirs, 1887–1918_, pp. 84–86, 101–103. [22] _The Globe_, August 10, 1899. _Cf._, also, _The Morning Herald_, August 10, 1899, and _The Westminster Gazette_, August 11, 1899. [23] No attempt is made here to analyze the convention of March 18, 1902 (which had been preceded by a draft convention of January 8, 1902), as it was superseded by the convention of March 5, 1903. _Cf. infra_, pp. 70–71, 77–84. The text of the convention of 1902 is to be found as an appendix to R. LeCoq, _Un chemin de fer en Asie Mineure_ (Paris, 1907). George von Siemens (1839–1901) did not live to see the consummation of his great plans for the development of Turkish railways. After his death in 1901 his work was taken up by his successor as Managing Director of the _Deutsche Bank_, Dr. Arthur von Gwinner. For a short account of the life of von Siemens see an obituary by Professor J. Riesser, in _Bank-Archiv_, No. 2, November, 1901. The work of von Siemens in the development of German economic enterprises in the Near East is told in a biography by his son-in-law, Dr. Karl Helfferich; _Georg von Siemens_ (Leipzig, 1923). [24] _The Times_, January 25, 1902. [25] _Journal officiel, Débats parlementaires, Chambre des députés_, 1902, pp. 1468 et seq. [26] _The Times_, January 25, 1902. [27] _Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons_, Volume 101, pp. 129, 597, 628, 669, Volume 120 (1903), p. 1371. [28] _Report of the Anatolian Railway Company_, 1901, p. 17; _The Times_, January 25, 1902. [29] _Annual Register_, 1902, pp. 290–291; _Report of the Bagdad Railway Company_, 1904, p. 7. [30] _La Société Impériale Ottomane du Chemin de Fer de Bagdad-Firman, Convention, Cahier des Charges, Statuts_, in French and Turkish (Constantinople, 1905); translated into English in _Parliamentary Papers_, No. Cd. 5635, Volume CIII (1911), No. 1. Where references are here given to the convention itself, no preceding identifying word will be given, the citation being merely, _e.g._, _Article I_. The _Statuts_ will be referred to as “By-Laws” and the _Cahier des Charges_ as “Specifications.”