TURNER’S SKETCHES AND DRAWINGS [Illustration: THE PASS OF FAÏDO, ST. GOTHARD WATER COLOUR, 1844.] TURNER’S SKETCHES AND DRAWINGS By A. J. FINBERG WITH 100 ILLUSTRATIONS SECOND EDITION METHUEN & CO. LTD 36 ESSEX STREET W.C. LONDON _First Published . . . July 21st 1910_ _Second Edition . . . 1911_ PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN. CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF PLATES, ix INTRODUCTORY, 1 The nature of our subject-matter, 1 The raw material of art, 2 The character of our subject-matter, as embryonic forms of artistic expression, prescribes our method of study, 2 Our difficulties of description and analysis, 3 The separation of Art-criticism from Aesthetic, 3 Eight aspects of Turner’s genius, 4 CHAPTER I. SEVEN YEARS’ APPRENTICESHIP--1787-1793, 6 Turner’s first drawings, 6 ‘St. Vincent’s Tower,’ 6 Copies and imitations, 8 His debt to art, 10 Work with Mr. Hardwick, 10 Oxford sketches, 11 ‘Radley Hall,’ 12 Working from the Antique, 14 The Bristol sketch-book, 14 End of the apprenticeship, 16 II. THE TOPOGRAPHICAL DRAUGHTSMAN--1793-1796, 17 Welsh tour of 1793, 17 ‘St. Anselm’s Chapel,’ 18 Turner’s topographical rivals, 18 Midland tour of 1794, 20 Limitations of topographical and antiquarian art, 22 ‘Interior of a Cottage,’ 23 Light and Shade as a means of expression, 24 The sketch-books of 1795 and their contents, 25