Turner's Water-Colours at Farnley HallFinberg, A. J. (Alexander Joseph)
History
Turner's Water-Colours at Farnley Hall
Finberg, A. J. (Alexander Joseph)
Fawkes, Walter Ramsden Hawksworth, 1769-1825 -- Art collections; Turner, J. M. W. (Joseph Mallord William), 1775-1851
All these drawings were based on sketches made during Turner’s first
tour in Savoy and Switzerland, in 1802. The earliest are dated 1803 and
1804, others were executed four or five years later, and a few may not
have been completed till about 1815. They evidently owe a great deal to
the inspiration of Richard Wilson and Nicholas Poussin, though we find
in them that same large and masculine grip of natural form and structure
which we see in pictures like the _Bridgewater Sea-Piece_ and _Calais
Pier_. In some of the drawings, indeed--the _Great Fall of the
Reichenbach_ and _The Passage of Mount St. Gothard_, for instance--the
calm, unhurried elaboration of rock forms gives them a certain cold and
prosaic air. Such drawings lack the gloomy majesty and lyrical intensity
of feeling of paintings like _The Trossachs_, _Conway Castle_ and
_Kilgarran Castle_. For work of this kind a certain vagueness and
generalisation of execution are necessary, and Turner was, after 1804,
already beginning to feel his way towards a greater clarity and lucidity
of expression than Wilson had attempted. The Farnley drawings represent,
therefore, what I may call the aftermath of Turner’s early romantic
mood. They are conceived under the influence of that taste for the
gloomy, mysterious and picturesque fostered by Milton, Young’s “Night
Thoughts,” and Walpole’s “Castle of Otranto”; but the fulness of
representation and cheerful and varied colour of their execution are not
altogether in harmony with their original intention. In these respects
the original sketches of _The Pass of St. Gothard_ in the National
Gallery (LXXXV, 33, 34, and 35) are more satisfactory to the imagination
than the larger and more elaborate drawing in the Farnley Collection.
The absence of romantic passion is, however, atoned for by the
stateliness and grandeur of the design.
The two drawings of this group which make the strongest appeal to my
feelings are the moonlit view of The _Lake of Brienz_ and the gloomy and
majestic _Glacier and Source of the Arveiron_ which was exhibited at the
Royal Academy in 1803. Both these drawings are darker and more
Wilsonesque in colour and effect than the others. The starkness and
bigness of drawing in the group of pine trees in the foreground of the
_Glacier and Source of the Arveiron_ strike the imagination with
Miltonic power and certainty. The blues in the _Lake of Brienz_ have
slightly faded, but the rich sombre harmony of the drawing is in no way
impaired.
Another powerful and impressive drawing is the _Lake of Thun_. This
differs in some important respects from the design engraved and
published in the “Liber Studiorum.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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