41. Maskette of Áñakatcinamana 295 42. Position of celebrants in the court of Sitcomovi in Síocálako 298 43. Mask of Pawíkkatcina (front view) 299 44. Mask of Pawíkkatcina (side view) 300 45. Mask of Pawíkkatcinamana 301 46. Staff of Pawíkkatcina 301 47. Helmets, ear of corn, and spruce bough arranged for reception ceremony 302 48. Symbolism of the helmet of Húmiskatcina (tablet removed) 307 THE GROUP OF TUSAYAN CEREMONIALS CALLED KATCINAS[1] By JESSE WALTER FEWKES INTRODUCTION In their use of the word Katcina[2] the Hopi or Moki apply the term to supernatural beings impersonated by men wearing masks or by statuettes in imitation of the same. The dances in which the former appear are likewise called by the same name which with the orthography “Cachena” is used in descriptions of these dances in the valley of the upper Rio Grande. The present use of the term among the Tusayan Indians leads me to consider it as almost a synonym of a supernatural being of subordinate rank to the great deities. Ancestral worship plays a not inconspicuous part in the Hopi conception of a Katcina. When we endeavor to classify the ceremonials which form the ritual practiced by the Tusayan villagers, the subject is found to be so complex that it can be adequately treated only by the help of observations extending through many years. The plan which I have followed in my work, as will be seen in previous publications, has been to gather and record data in regard to the details of individual observances as a basis for generalization. My former publications on this subject have therefore been simply records of observations.[3] For various reasons it has seemed well to anticipate a final and general account and interpretation, with tentative efforts at a classification to serve as a stepping-stone to a more exhaustive and complete discussion of the relationship of these observances, which would naturally appear in an elaborate memoir necessitating a broader method of treatment than any yet adopted.