Ten years later the Germania Musical Society, from Berlin, appeared under the leadership of Carl Lenshow. Pecuniary losses caused it to disband and the members scattered. Later the Society was reorganized under Carl Bergmann. It had the honor of appearing at Sontag’s concert, in 1852. The Germania Orchestra, instituted in 1856 and incorporated in 1860, succeeded this Society and for over forty years was an important part of Philadelphia’s musical life. Carl Sentz, the drummer of the Steiermärkisches Orchestra, became the first leader. Its concerts were given on Friday afternoons at Musical Fund Hall, at the price of two concerts for twenty-five cents, and packages of eight tickets for a dollar, which price was later raised to twenty-five cents per concert. Sentz was succeeded by Charles M. Schmitz, the cellist, who in turn was followed by William Stoll, Jr. Unlike the custom of today the Germania was governed by a conductor and officers chosen by its members. The performances were not confined to classical concerts, but it played engagements for private dances, balls, festivals, oratorios, fairs, commencements, and other miscellaneous entertainments. Besides the performances at Musical Fund Hall, concerts were given on Thursday afternoons at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, from 1879 until 1895, inclusive. It was then customary to play one movement of a symphony each week for four weeks and at the fifth concert to play the whole. Charles M. Schmitz, who so long gave Philadelphians the satisfaction of hearing symphonic music which was their own, was the son of Adolph Schmitz, of Düsseldorf, player of the French horn. He taught woodwind and brass instruments in the Academy of the Musical Fund Society, and had the distinction of being the first musician brought to America for the purpose of teaching. The Germania Orchestra finally disbanded and orchestral ventures were undertaken at Musical Fund Hall, Witherspoon Hall and the Academy of Music. Mr. Henry Gordon Thunder and Mr. Wm. Stoll, Jr., were active in these efforts, but lack of money hampered the results. Tickets were sold at five for one dollar and twenty for four dollars. The programmes included one or two movements of a symphony or concerto and miscellaneous selections now no longer played. An interesting enterprise in the musical world was the Philadelphia May Festival, in 1883, of which Mr. S. Decatur Smith was President, Mr. F. T. Sully Darley, Vice-president, and Mr. George Burnham, Jr. and Mr. Hartman Kuhn among the directors. Wm. W. Gilchrist and Charles M. Schmitz were the musical directors. Aside from the advantages derived from this series of concerts, it is worthy of record that Mr. Darley was the first Vice-president of the Philadelphia Orchestra Association and Mr. Burnham and Mr. Kuhn were charter members, while Mr. Smith was one of the original guarantors. The Philadelphia Symphony Society 1893-1900.