One of the lathes is illustrated on Plate LI., adjoining page 109. This is a 48-in. surfacing and boring lathe, by Messrs. John Lang and Sons, Limited, Johnstone. The two new features introduced are the variable speed drive and automatic speed-changing mechanism. The headstocks can be used for single or triple gear, and are so arranged that, even when running at the greatest speed, there is a reduction by gearing. With this arrangement the lathes have greater power when turning small diameters than when the belt is used driving direct to the main spindle. The spindles, which are hollow, with hexagonal turrets, are of crucible cast steel, and run in gun-metal bearings. By means of the speed-changing mechanism, the cutting speed of the tool is kept practically constant when surfacing. This means that any surface can be finished off in about one-half of the time taken by a lathe having the ordinary step-cone drive, where the workman will not change the position of the belt while surfacing. The self-acting feed-motions are positive. [Illustration: Plate LII. BRASS FINISHING SHOP.] Milling is adopted in many instances in preference to planing or slotting, and this is especially so in connection with valve quadrants, columns, faces, etc. For the first-named there is a large vertical miller, and for the latter a horizontal tool with a vertical milling apparatus. For grinding bolts, etc., a machine having a separate head for grinding taps is used, the emery wheel being 18 in. in diameter and 1-1/2 in. broad. A shop, now in course of construction, is to be specially laid out for the manufacture of turbine machinery of the greatest power. It is to be 285 ft. long, with a span of 60 ft. Heavy lifts will be taken by a 100-ton overhead crane, and ordinary work will be handled by a 40-ton electric crane. The heavy machine tools, while specially chosen for turbine work, are also adaptable for use in the manufacture of the heaviest reciprocating machinery. The principal tools are large lathes suitable for turbine rotors and crank-shafts; vertical boring machines which may be utilised for work on cylinders as well as on turbine casings; and a heavy planer, 10 ft. by 10 ft. by 25 ft. stroke. The necessary small machine tools for turbine work will be put down in this department, whence also some of the large tools will be removed from the existing shops, so that it will be fully equipped for the purpose intended.