In 1806 Robert Lothian, of Scotland, tried and failed to establish a type foundry in New York. His son George B. Lothian, who had been taught the trade of stereotyping in the stereotype foundries of John Watts, of New York, and B. & J. Collins, of Philadelphia, had also received instruction from his father and from Elihu White in type founding, undertook to establish a type foundry in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was an unsuccessful enterprise and Lothian returned to New York. In 1822 he undertook to make type for the old firm of Harper & Brothers. The face of Greek, which he cut for the Anthon Classical Series, was very much admired. He died in 1851, but the foundry continued in business under other hands until 1875. The next year Louis Pelouze, the founder of a distinguished family of type founders, started a business in Philadelphia. This was another of the successes from both a commercial and artistic point of view, and was another of the constituents of the American Type Founders Company. The Boston Type Foundry, which started as a stereotyping plant, passed through an experience as a co-operative concern under the direction of the employees who owned the stock. As is usually the case with such enterprises, it was unsuccessful until finally the majority of the stock got into the possession of Gorham Rogers, from which time it was operated as in the ordinary way and attained a high degree of success, doing very fine work. Mr. Conner, foreman in this foundry, who had started as a stereotyper in 1827, was sent to St. Louis to open a branch establishment which was very successful and later became famous as the Central Type Foundry. Conner invented an electrotype matrix to take the place of the matrices which had formerly been made by driving a steel punch into copper.